naga koomi—meinha-tólli—madéra-dubba, and sultélli.

two windy nights, during which it blew a perfect hurricane, were passed in unabated vigilance, owing to the number of ruffians lurking about the broken ground, the waters whereof tumble in the rainy season into the rugged chasm of killulloo. at an early hour on the 2nd of july, a voice went through the camp, summoning the slothful camel-drivers to bestir themselves; and the incessant growling of their disturbed beasts, which arose in various keys of dissatisfaction from every part of the circle, followed by drowsy danákil imprecations, and by the merciless dismantling of huts, to the destruction of bales and boxes, presently announced that the work of loading had duly commenced.

a march of fifteen miles over a country more level than usual, though sufficiently rough and stony withal, led through the doomi valley to naga koomi. an abutting prong of land, under which the road wound, was adorned with a cluster of bee-hive-shaped huts styled koriddra, and at its base the balsamodendron myrrha grew abundantly, the aromatic branches famishing every savage in the caravan with a new tooth-brush, to be carried in the scabbard of the creese. the encampment occupied a wide, dreary plain, bounded by the high mountain range of jebel feeóh; and although water was said to exist in the neighbourhood, it proved too distant to be accessible.

the ras el káfilah, at whose hands the franks experienced about the same amount of respect and tolerance as a rich jew in the days of coeur de lion, here imperiously demanded daily rations of rice and dates for the band of spearmen left as an escort by the akil of the hy somauli; and on being informed that this very unreasonable request could not be complied with, in consequence of the tedious delays on the road having reduced the supplies so low as to be barely sufficient to last to abyssinia, his brow became suddenly overcast, he relapsed into his wonted ill-humour, rejected a tendered sheep with indignation, and flung out of the tent in a passion.

it rained heavily during the greater part of the night, and an early summons to rise found the party again drenched to the skin. the inclement weather had not by any means tended to restore izhák to smiles; and his mats having proved quite insufficient to preserve him from full participation in the pleasures of the nocturnal bath, the effect upon his temper was but too manifest. “don’t whistle, don’t whistle!” he exclaimed with a sneer to one of his charge, who was so amusing himself within hearing; “what are you whistling for? i have loaded the camels under a prayer from the sacred korán, and you are doing your best to break the spell, and call up gins by your whistling. ‘la illah illallah, wo mohammad rasúl illah;’” “there is no god but god, and mohammad is the prophet of god.”

“fein teró? in the name of the three kaliphs where are you going to?” again vociferated the testy old man, in a terrible passion, to the same luckless individual, who, with a loaded rifle in his hand, had now left the road in pursuit of an antelope. “‘taal henna!’ ‘come back, will you!’ wullah! you’ll be getting your throat cut presently by the buddoos, and then i shall be asked what has become of you. can’t you keep the road? this ugly defile is named ‘the place of lions,’ and one of them will be eating you anon.”

another march of fifteen miles brought the caravan to meinha-tólli, where some hollows had been filled by the recent heavy fall of rain; but large droves of horned cattle having soiled in them, the muddy water was so strongly tainted as to be barely drinkable under any disguise. the country throughout bears signs of violent volcanic eruption of later times, which has covered one portion with lava, and another with ashes and cinders. at the outset the road led over the usual basaltic ground, strewed with fragments of obsidian, but after crossing arnoot, a deep ravine choked with refreshing green bushes, in which the exhausted beasts obtained a most welcome supply of muddy water, the stony valleys gave place to sandy plains, clothed with short yellow grass, and intersected by low ranges of hills.

one wide level expanse, termed azóroo, stretching at the foot of the peaked mountain aiúlloo, was pointed out in the distance as the scene of a signal victory gained about six years since by the wóema over their predatory foes the muda?to. the bones of upwards of three thousand of the combatants which now whiten the sands, have caused the desertion of the best road by the superstitious danákil. with the escort were many warriors who had taken part in this engagement, and they described the conflict, which commenced in a night attack, to have raged, spear to spear, and shield to shield, throughout the entire of the following day, towards the close of which the “red house” was routed.

as usual, in the evening we sent for a sheep from our flock, but the ras el káfilah stoutly asserted that the whole had been transferred to himself for consumption by the escort of hy somauli, and although eventually compelled to relinquish one, he did so with an extremely bad grace. thunder and lightning, with severe squalls and heavy rain, again closed the day—and great confusion and discomfort was occasioned by a sudden whirl of wind, followed by the fall upon the party, of the saturated tent, from the wet folds of which escape was not easily effected. a dreary night succeeded. the watery moon shed but a dull and flitting light over the drenched camp; and the pacing officer of the watch, after an hour’s exposure to the pitiless hurricane, calling up his relief, threw himself with aching bones upon the inundated bed.

“did i not tell you what would be the consequence of your abominable whistling,” grumbled old izhák, the first thing in the morning; “old ali arab is too sick to be moved, and one of my best camels has strayed, allah knows where.” the rope with which the legs of the lost animal had been fettered, was meanwhile rolled betwixt his hands, and sundry cabalistic words having been muttered whilst the devil was dislodged by the process of spitting upon the cord at the termination of each spell, it was finally delivered over to the dankáli about to be sent on the quest, and he presently returned successful.

ahmed mohammad, the messenger who had been despatched from tajúra with an arabic letter for sáhela selássie, requesting assistance on the road, returned during this delay. he had passed the night in a bedouin encampment, the proximity of which had been betrayed by the barking of dogs at each discharge of the musket when the sentinel was relieved. the courier brought advices to the embassy, and native letters for izhák and mohammad ali. owing to the jealousy of the frontier officers of efát, he had been subjected to many days of needless detention, during which the king had led a distant military expedition; and although compliments and assurances of welcome were not wanting, they were coupled with the unsatisfactory intelligence that the party must trust entirely to its own resources, as in the absence of his majesty, no assistance whatever could be rendered.

the rainy season having now fairly set in, it was believed that the pools on the upper road would furnish a sufficient supply of water, and the course was accordingly shaped towards it. emerging upon the extensive plain of merihán, bounded to the westward by the lofty peaked range of feéoh, the route skirted the bundoora hills, thickly clothed with grass, and varying in height from six hundred to a thousand feet. wáyess, the chief of the wóema, formerly held his head-quarters in this neighbourhood, at haga?o-dera-dubba; but the eesah somauli making frequent inroads, and at last sweeping off all the cattle of the tribe, it was abandoned. the hill ranges on both sides have sent lava streams almost to the middle of the plain, but generally it is covered with a fine light-coloured soil, strewn with volcanic ashes and small fragments of obsidian—the grass, improved by the recent showers, having partially acquired a greenish tint. a singular detached hill composed of fresh-water limestone, contained a few impressions of small spiral shells, whilst the surrounding rocks exhibit the usual cellular basalt.

no one could conceive that the rugged arid wastes whereon he trod, had ever in themselves been either productive or populous. saving the labours of the termites, exhibited in endless mounds of vast dimensions, no monument of industry redeems the inhospitable landscape; yet these measureless plains, no less than the barren mountain ranges so lately traversed, did formerly, as now they might, afford hordes of hardy soldiers, that under a bold leader, such as the mighty graan, who in the sixteenth century unfurled the banner of the impostor, and at the head of a countless army overran and nearly destroyed the ethiopic empire, were admirably adapted to possess themselves of the more fertile plains and provinces adjoining. whatever may have been the virtues and endowments of these olden warriors, their posterity, like the dwellings they inhabit, are sufficiently rude and degenerate.

wady bundoora, clothed in a thicket of verdant bushes, had been selected as the halting ground, and its appearance promised a copious supply of water; but every pool proved dry, and the march was therefore continued to madéra-dubba—a second and similar ravine, which was confidently expected to afford the desired element. disappointment was however again in store, and the rain not having extended thus far, the usual reservoirs were referred to in vain. worse than all, information was here received that not a drop of water would be found at the next station; whilst, owing to the wear and tear of skins, added to the too confident anticipations indulged, barely a sufficient supply for even one day accompanied the káfilah.

it had been determined under these untoward circumstances, to move on at midnight; but after an insufferably hot day, rain again interfered. unfortunately it did not fall in sufficient quantities to be of much utility; a few pints caught in tarpaulins, which, with all available utensils, were placed for the reception of the precious fluid, proving very inadequate to the wants of the thirsty party. at 3 a.m. the caravan advanced down the valley, with cool refreshing weather, and a fine moon shining brightly overhead. from the summit of a tumulus of black lava, marking the point where the undulations of the bundoora hills trend towards the mountains of the ittoo galla, an extensive view was obtained with the dawning day, over a country bearing the most extraordinary volcanic character—huge craters on the one hand towering to the clouds, whilst on the other sank the wide valley of kordeité, through which lay the high road to the desolate plains of errur.

a few pools of muddy rain-water by the wayside were eagerly drained by the sinking cattle, but a deep ravine, bordered with green trees and bushes, was explored to no purpose; and after crossing the fine open plain of eyrolúf, abounding in gazelles and swine, the road led round the base of a remarkable cone, styled jebel hélmund, which had long been in view. isolated, and four hundred feet in height, with a crater opening to the north-eastward, which would seem at no very remote period to have discontinued its eruption, it is surrounded by a broad belt of lava, some three miles in diameter. this has formed towards the plain a black scarped wall, rising from fifteen to twenty feet, of which the wooded crevices teemed with quail, partridges, and guinea-fowl, and were said to be so many great dens of lions.

the sultry afternoon was already far advanced, when the weary eye was refreshed by a glimpse of the verdant plain of sultélli, a perfectly level expanse, so ingeniously overgrown with pale green vegetation as to furnish an exact representation of a wide lake covered with floating duckweed, around which numerous camels were busily browsing on the rank herbage. during the greater part of the year, this plain presents one vast and delightful sheet of water; but the fairy form of the light-footed gazelle was presently seen bounding over the delusive surface, and although clothed throughout with the most tantalising verdure, it yet proved perfectly dry. the camels were milch females, capable of subsisting for days, and even for weeks together, without drinking, whilst their milk serves to quench the thirst of their unwashed bedouin attendants. beedur, the chief of a section of the débeni, who resides in this spot during the rainy season, had long since decamped with his clan to more distant pastures.

every hollow in the rich black soil abounding with shells, was vainly explored; and after a seventeen mile march, the party, weary and thirsty, were fain to encamp on the opposite side, and giving up the search as fruitless, to rest satisfied with the nauseous contents of water-skins filled at the putrid pools of meinha-tólli—a second, and if possible, a worse edition of the impurities brewed at the salt lake. both amongst men and cattle the utmost distress prevailed. a suffocating blast blew incessantly, heat the most intense was reflected from the adjacent black rocks; and nearly all of the horses and mules were so completely exhausted that there appeared no prospect of dragging them other sixteen miles to the nearest reservoir.

but towards midnight the beneficent flood-gates of heaven were providentially opened, and a violent storm bursting over the camp, in less than half an hour filled every ravine and hollow to overflowing, and afforded a plentiful and truly seasonable, although transient, supply. tearing up their pickets from the saturated soil, the dying animals thrust into the turbid stream that rolled through the encampment their hot noses, which for two entire days and nights had been strangers to moisture, and filled their sunken flanks almost to bursting. cackling troops of guinea-fowl flocked to the pools from the adjacent heights. embankments were thrown up, and wells excavated; and european, danákil, and camp-follower—christian, moslem, and hindoo—all drenched to the skin, falling together upon their knees in the posture of thanksgiving, sucked down the first copious draught of palatable water that had been enjoyed since leaving fiáloo.