rock ferry, august 29th.—yesterday we all took a walk into the country. it was a fine afternoon, with clouds, of course, in different parts of the sky, but a clear atmosphere, bright sunshine, and altogether a septembrish feeling. the ramble was very pleasant, along the hedge-lined roads in which there were flowers blooming, and the varnished holly, certainly one of the most beautiful shrubs in the world, so far as foliage goes. we saw one cottage which i suppose was several hundred years old. it was of stone, filled into a wooden frame, the black-oak of which was visible like an external skeleton; it had a thatched roof, and was whitewashed. we passed through a village,—higher bebbington, i believe,—with narrow streets and mean houses all of brick or stone, and not standing wide apart from each other as in american country villages, but conjoined. there was an immense almshouse in the midst; at least, i took it to be so. in the centre of the village, too, we saw a moderate-sized brick house, built in imitation of a castle with a tower and turret, in which an upper and an under row of small cannon were mounted,—now green with moss. there were also battlements along the roof of the house, which looked as if it might have been built eighty or a hundred years ago. in the centre of it there was the dial of a clock, but the inner machinery had been removed, and the hands, hanging listlessly, moved to and fro in the wind. it was quite a novel symbol of decay and neglect. on the wall, close to the street, there were certain eccentric inscriptions cut into slabs of stone, but i could make no sense of them. at the end of the house opposite the turret, we peeped through the bars of an iron gate and beheld a little paved court-yard, and at the farther side of it a small piazza, beneath which seemed to stand the figure of a man. he appeared well advanced in years, and was dressed in a blue coat and buff breeches, with a white or straw hat on his head. behold, too, in a kennel beside the porch, a large dog sitting on his hind legs, chained! also, close beside the gateway, another man, seated in a kind of arbor! all these were wooden images; and the whole castellated, small, village-dwelling, with the inscriptions and the queer statuary, was probably the whim of some half-crazy person, who has now, no doubt, been long asleep in bebbington churchyard.

the bell of the old church was ringing as we went along, and many respectable-looking people and cleanly dressed children were moving towards the sound. soon we reached the church, and i have seen nothing yet in england that so completely answered my idea of what such a thing was, as this old village church of bebbington.

it is quite a large edifice, built in the form of a cross, a low peaked porch in the side, over which, rudely cut in stone, is the date 1300 and something. the steeple has ivy on it, and looks old, old, old; so does the whole church, though portions of it have been renewed, but not so as to impair the aspect of heavy, substantial endurance, and long, long decay, which may go on hundreds of years longer before the church is a ruin. there it stands, among the surrounding graves, looking just the same as it did in bloody mary's days; just as it did in cromwell's time. a bird (and perhaps many birds) had its nest in the steeple, and flew in and out of the loopholes that were opened into it. the stone framework of the windows looked particularly old.

there were monuments about the church, some lying flat on the ground, others elevated on low pillars, or on cross slabs of stone, and almost all looking dark, moss-grown, and very antique. but on reading some of the inscriptions, i was surprised to find them very recent; for, in fact, twenty years of this climate suffices to give as much or more antiquity of aspect, whether to gravestone or edifice, than a hundred years of our own,—so soon do lichens creep over the surface, so soon does it blacken, so soon do the edges lose their sharpness, so soon does time gnaw away the records. the only really old monuments (and those not very old) were two, standing close together, and raised on low rude arches, the dates on which were 1684 and 1686. on one a cross was rudely cut into the stone. but there may have been hundreds older than this, the records on which had been quite obliterated, and the stones removed, and the graves dug over anew. none of the monuments commemorate people of rank; on only one the buried person was recorded as "gent."

while we sat on the flat slabs resting ourselves, several little girls, healthy-looking and prettily dressed enough, came into the churchyard, and began to talk and laugh, and to skip merrily from one tombstone to another. they stared very broadly at us, and one of them, by and by, ran up to u. and j., and gave each of them a green apple, then they skipped upon the tombstones again, while, within the church, we heard them singing, sounding pretty much as i have heard it in our pine-built new england meeting-houses. meantime the rector had detected the voices of these naughty little girls, and perhaps had caught glimpses of them through the windows; for, anon, out came the sexton, and, addressing himself to us, asked whether there had been any noise or disturbance in the churchyard. i should not have borne testimony against these little villagers, but s. was so anxious to exonerate our own children that she pointed out these poor little sinners to the sexton, who forthwith turned them out. he would have done the same to us, no doubt, had my coat been worse than it was; but, as the matter stood, his demeanor was rather apologetic than menacing, when he informed us that the rector had sent him.

we stayed a little longer, looking at the graves, some of which were between the buttresses of the church and quite close to the wall, as if the sleepers anticipated greater comfort and security the nearer they could get to the sacred edifice.

as we went out of the churchyard, we passed the aforesaid little girls, who were sitting behind the mound of a tomb, and busily babbling together. they called after us, expressing their discontent that we had betrayed them to the sexton, and saying that it was not they who made the noise. going homeward, we went astray in a green lane, that terminated in the midst of a field, without outlet, so that we had to retrace a good many of our footsteps.

close to the wall of the church, beside the door, there was an ancient baptismal font of stone. in fact, it was a pile of roughly hewn stone steps, five or six feet high, with a block of stone at the summit, in which was a hollow about as big as a wash-bowl. it was full of rainwater.

the church seems to be st. andrew's church, lower bebbington, built in 1100.

september 1st.—to-day we leave the rock ferry hotel, where we have spent nearly four weeks. it is a comfortable place, and we have had a good table and have been kindly treated. we occupied a large parlor, extending through the whole breadth of the house, with a bow-window, looking towards liverpool, and adown the intervening river, and to birkenhead, on the hither side. the river would be a pleasanter object, if it were blue and transparent, instead of such a mud-puddly hue; also, if it were always full to its brine; whereas it generally presents a margin, and sometimes a very broad one, of glistening mud, with here and there a small vessel aground on it.

nevertheless, the parlor-window has given us a pretty good idea of the nautical business of liverpool; the constant objects being the little black steamers puffing unquietly along, sometimes to our own ferry, sometimes beyond it to eastham, and sometimes towing a long string of boats from runcorn or otherwhere up the river, laden with goods, and sometimes gallanting a tall ship in or out. some of these ships lie for days together in the river, very majestic and stately objects, often with the flag of the stars and stripes waving over them. now and then, after a gale at sea, a vessel comes in with her masts broken short off in the midst, and with marks of rough handling about the hull. once a week comes a cunard steamer, with its red funnel pipe whitened by the salt spray; and, firing off cannon to announce her arrival, she moors to a large iron buoy in the middle of the river, and a few hundred yards from the stone pier of our ferry. immediately comes poring towards her a little mail-steamer, to take away her mail-bags and such of the passengers as choose to land; and for several hours afterwards the cunard lies with the smoke and steam coming out of her, as if she were smoking her pipe after her toilsome passage across the atlantic. once a fortnight comes an american steamer of the collins line; and then the cunard salutes her with cannon, to which the collins responds, and moors herself to another iron buoy, not far from the cunard. when they go to sea, it is with similar salutes; the two vessels paying each other the more ceremonious respect, because they are inimical and jealous of each other.

besides these, there are other steamers of all sorts and sizes, for pleasure-excursions, for regular trips to dublin, the isle of man, and elsewhither; and vessels which are stationary, as floating lights, but which seem to relieve one another at intervals; and small vessels, with sails looking as if made of tanned leather; and schooners, and yachts, and all manner of odd-looking craft, but none so odd as the chinese junk. this junk lies by our own pier, and looks as if it were copied from some picture on an old teacup. beyond all these objects we see the other side of the mersey, with the delectably green fields opposite to us, while the shore becomes more and more thickly populated, until about two miles off we see the dense centre of the city, with the dome of the custom house, and steeples and towers; and, close to the water, the spire of st. nicholas; and above, and intermingled with the whole city scene, the duskiness of the coal-smoke gushing upward. along the bank we perceive the warehouses of the albert dock, and the queen's tobacco warehouses, and other docks, and, nigher to us, a shipyard or two. in the evening all this sombre picture gradually darkens out of sight, and in its place appear only the lights of the city, kindling into a galaxy of earthly stars, for a long distance, up and down the shore; and, in one or two spots, the bright red gleam of a furnace, like the "red planet mars"; and once in a while a bright, wandering beam gliding along the river, as a steamer cones or goes between us and liverpool.