abbe mouret's bedroom, which occupied a corner of the vicarage, was a spacious one, having two large square windows; one of which opened above desiree's farmyard, whilst the other overlooked the village, the valley beyond, the belt of hills, the whole landscape. the yellow-curtained bed, the walnut chest of drawers, and the three straw-bottomed chairs seemed lost below that lofty ceiling with whitewashed joists. a faint tartness, the somewhat musty odour of old country houses, ascended from the tiled and ruddled floor that glistened like a mirror. on the chest of drawers a tall statuette of the immaculate conception rose greyly between some porcelain vases which la teuse had filled with white lilac.

abbe mouret set his lamp on the edge of the chest of drawers before the virgin. he felt so unwell that he determined to light the vine-stem fire which was laid in readiness. he stood there, tongs in hand, watching the kindling wood, his face illuminated by the flame. the house beneath slumbered in unbroken stillness. the silence filled his ears with a hum, which grew into a sound of whispering voices. slowly and irresistibly these voices mastered him and increased the feeling of anxiety which had almost choked him several times that day. what could be the cause of such mental anguish? what could be the strange trouble which had slowly grown within him and had now become so unbearable? he had not fallen into sin. it seemed as if but yesterday he had left the seminary with all his ardent faith, and so fortified against the world that he moved among men beholding god alone. and, suddenly, he fancied himself in his cell at five o'clock in the morning, the hour for rising. the deacon on duty passed his door, striking it with his stick, and repeating the regulation summons--

'_benedicamus domino_!'

'_deo gratias_!' he answered half asleep, with his eyes still swollen with slumber.

and he jumped out upon his strip of carpet, washed himself, made his bed, swept his room, and refilled his little pitcher. he enjoyed this petty domestic work while the morning air sent a thrilling shiver throughout his frame. he could hear the sparrows in the plane-trees of the court-yard, rising at the same time as himself with a deafening noise of wings and notes--their way of saying their prayers, thought he. then he went down to the meditation room, and stayed there on his knees for half an hour after prayers, to con that reflection of st. ignatius: 'what profit be it to a man to gain the whole world if he lose his soul?' a subject, this, fertile in good resolutions, which impelled him to renounce all earthly goods, and dwell on that fond dream of a desert life, beneath the solitary wealth and luxury of a vast blue sky. when ten minutes had passed, his bruised knees became so painful that his whole being slowly swooned into ecstasy, in which he pictured himself as a mighty conqueror, the master of an immense empire, flinging down his crown, breaking his sceptre, trampling under foot unheard-of wealth, chests of gold, floods of jewels, and rich stuffs embroidered with precious stones, before going to bury himself in some thebais, clothed in rough drugget that rasped his back. mass, however, snatched him from these heated fancies, upon which he looked back as upon some beautiful reality which might have been his lot in ancient times; and then, his communion made, he chanted the psalm for the day unconscious of any other voice than his own, which rang out with crystal purity, flying upward till it reached the very ear of the lord.

when he returned to his room he ascended the stairs step by step, as advised by st. bonaventura and st. thomas aquinas. his gait was slow, his mien grave; he kept his head bowed as he walked along, finding ineffable delight in complying with the most trifling regulations. next came breakfast. it was pleasant in the refectory to see the hunks of bread and the glasses of white wine, set out in rows. he had a good appetite, and was of a joyous mood. he would say, for instance, that the wine was truly christian--a daring allusion to the water which the bursar was taxed with putting in the bottles. still his gravity at once returned to him on going in to lectures. he took notes on his knees, while the professor, resting his hands on the edge of his desk, talked away in familiar latin, interspersed with an occasional word in french, when he was at fault for a better. a discussion would then follow in which the students argued in a strange jargon, with never a smile upon their faces. then, at ten o'clock, there came twenty minutes' reading of holy writ. he fetched the sacred book, a volume richly bound and gilt-edged. having kissed it with especial reverence, he read it out bare-headed, bowing every time he came upon the name of jesus, mary, or joseph. and with the arrival of the second meditation he was ready to endure for love of god another and even longer spell of kneeling than the first. he avoided resting on his heels for a second even. he delighted in that examination of conscience which lasted for three-quarters of an hour. he racked his memory for sins, and at times even fancied himself damned for forgetting to kiss the pictures on his scapular the night before, or for having gone to sleep upon his left side--abominable faults which he would have willingly redeemed by wearing out his knees till night; and yet happy faults, in that they kept him busy, for without them he would have no occupation for his unspotted heart, steeped in a life of purity.

he would return to the refectory, as if relieved of some great crime. the seminarists on duty, wearing blue linen aprons, and having their cassock sleeves tucked up, brought in the vermicelli soup, the boiled beef cut into little squares, and the helps of roast mutton and french beans. then followed a terrific rattling of jaws, a gluttonous silence, a desperate plying of forks, only broken by envious greedy glances at the horseshoe table, where the heads of the seminary ate more delicate meats and drank ruddier wines. and all the while above the hubbub some strong-lunged peasant's son, with a thick voice and utter disregard for punctuation, would hem and haw over the perusal of some letters from missionaries, some episcopal pastoral, or some article from a religious paper. to this he listened as he ate. those polemical fragments, those narratives of distant travels, surprised, nay, even frightened him, with their revelations of bustling, boundless fields of action, of which he had never dreamt, beyond the seminary walls. eating was still in progress when the wooden clapper announced the recreation hour. the recreation-ground was a sandy yard, in which stood eight plane-trees, which in summer cast cool shadows around. on the south side rose a wall, seventeen feet high, and bristling with broken glass, above which all that one saw of plassans was the steeple of st. mark, rising like a stony needle against the blue sky. to and fro he slowly paced the court with a row of fellow-students; and each time he faced the wall he eyed that spire which to him represented the whole town, the whole earth spread beneath the scudding clouds. noisy groups waxed hot in disputation round the plane-trees; friends would pair off in the corners under the spying glance of some director concealed behind his window-blind. tennis and skittle matches would be quickly organised to the great discomfort of quiet loto players who lounged on the ground before their cardboard squares, which some bowl or ball would suddenly smother with sand. but when the bell sounded the noise ceased, a flight of sparrows rose from the plane-trees, and the breathless students betook themselves to their lesson in plain-chant with folded arms and hanging heads. and thus serge's day closed in peacefulness; he returned to his work; then, at four o'clock, he partook of his afternoon snack, and renewed his everlasting walk in sight of st. mark's spire. supper was marked by the same rattling of jaws and the same droning perusal as the midday meal. and when it was over serge repaired to the chapel to attend prayers, and finally betook himself to bed at a quarter past eight, after first sprinkling his pallet with holy water to ward off all evil dreams.

how many delightful days like these had he not spent in that ancient convent of old plassans, where abode the aroma of centuries of piety! for five years had the days followed one another, flowing on with the unvarying murmur of limpid water. in this present hour he recalled a thousand little incidents which moved him. he remembered going with his mother to purchase his first outfit, his two cassocks, his two waist sashes, his half-dozen bands, his eight pairs of socks, his surplice, and his three-cornered hat. and how his heart had beaten that mild october evening when the seminary door had first closed behind him! he had gone thither at twenty, after his school years, seized with a yearning to believe and love. the very next day he had forgotten all, as if he had fallen into a long sleep in that big silent house. he once more saw the narrow cell in which he had lived through his two years as student of philosophy--a little hutch with only a bed, a table, and a chair, divided from the other cells by badly fitted partitions, in a vast hall containing about fifty similar little dens. and he again saw the cell he had dwelt in three years longer while in the theology class --a larger one, with an armchair, a dressing-table, and a bookcase--a happy room full of the dreams which his faith had evoked. down those endless passages, up those stairs of stone, in all sorts of nooks, sudden inspirations, unexpected aid had come to him. from the lofty ceilings fell the voices of guardian angels. there was not a flagstone in the halls, not an ashlar of the walls, not a bough of the plane-trees, but it spoke to him of the delights of his contemplative life, his lispings of tenderness, his gradual initiation, the favours vouchsafed him in return for self-bestowal, all that happiness of divine first love.

on such and such a day, on awaking, he had beheld a bright flood of light which had steeped him in joy. on such and such an evening as he closed the door of his cell he had felt warm hands clasping his neck so lovingly that he had lost consciousness, and had afterwards found himself on the floor weeping and choked by sobs. again, at other times, especially in the little archway leading to the chapel, he had surrendered himself to supple arms which raised him from the ground. all heaven had then been concerned in him, had moved round him, and imparted to his slightest actions a peculiar sense, an astonishing perfume, which seemed to cling faintly to his clothes, to his very skin. and again, he remembered the thursday walks. they started at two o'clock for some verdant nook about three miles from plassans. often they sought a meadow on the banks of the viorne, where the gnarled willows steeped their leaves in the stream. but he saw nothing--neither the big yellow flowers in the meadow, nor the swallows sipping as they flew by, with wings lightly touching the surface of the little river. till six o'clock, seated in groups beneath the willows, his comrades and himself recited the office of the virgin in common, or read in pairs the 'little hours,' the book of prayers recommended to young seminarists, but not enjoined on them.

abbe mouret smiled as he stirred the burning embers of his vine-stock fire. in all that past he only found great purity and perfect obedience. he had been a lily whose sweet scent had charmed his masters. he could not recall a single bad action. he had never taken advantage of the absolute freedom of those walks, when the two prefects in charge would go off to have a chat with a parish priest in the neighbourhood, or to have a smoke behind a hedge, or to drink beer with a friend. never had he hidden a novel under his mattress, nor a bottle of _anisette_ in a cupboard. for a long time, even, he had had no suspicion of the sinfulness around him--of the wings of chicken and the cakes smuggled into the seminary in lent, of the guilty letters brought in by servers, of the abominable conversations carried on in whispers in certain corners of the courtyard. he had wept hot tears when he first perceived that few among his fellows loved god for his own sake. there were peasants' sons there who had taken orders simply through their terror of conscription, sluggards who dreamed of a career of idleness, and ambitious youths already agitated by a vision of the staff and the mitre. and when he found the world's wickedness reappearing at the altar's very foot, he had withdrawn still further into himself, giving himself still more to god, to console him for being forsaken.

he did recollect, however, that he had crossed his legs one day in class, and that, when the professor reproved him for it, his face had become fiery red, as if he had committed some abominable action. he was one of the best students, never arguing, but learning his texts by heart. he established the existence and eternity of god by proofs drawn from holy writ, the opinions of the fathers of the church, the universal consensus of all mankind. this kind of reasoning filled him with an unshakeable certainty. during his first year of philosophy, he had worked at his logic so earnestly that his professor had checked him, remarking that the most learned were not the holiest. in his second year, therefore, he had carried out his study of metaphysics as a regulation task, constituting but a small fraction of his daily duties. he felt a growing contempt for science; he wished to remain ignorant, in order to preserve the humility of his faith. later on, he only followed the course of rohrbacher's 'ecclesiastical history' from submission; he ventured as far as gousset's arguments, and bouvier's 'theological course,' without daring to take up bellarmin, liguori, suarez, or st. thomas aquinas. holy writ alone impassioned him. therein he found all desirable knowledge, a tale of infinite love which should be sufficient instruction for all men of good-will. he simply adopted the dicta of his teachers, casting on them the care of inquiry, needing nought of such rubbish to know how to love, and accusing books of stealing away the time which should be devoted to prayer. he even succeeded in forgetting his years of college life. he no longer knew anything, but was simplicity itself, a child brought back to the lispings of his catechism.

such was the manner in which he had ascended step by step to the priesthood. and here his recollections thronged more quickly on him, softer, still warm with heavenly joy. each year he had drawn nearer to god. his vacations had been spent in holy fashion at an uncle's, in confessions every day and communions twice a week. he would lay fasts upon himself, hide rock-salt inside his trunk, and kneel on it with bared knees for hours together. at recreation time he remained in chapel, or went up to the room of one of the directors, who told him pious and extraordinary stories. then, as the fast of the holy trinity drew nigh, he was rewarded beyond all measure, overwhelmed by the stirring emotion which pervades all seminaries on the eve of ordinations. this was the great festival of all, when the sky opened to allow the elect to rise another step nearer unto god. for a fortnight in advance he imposed a bread and water diet on himself. he closed his window blinds so that he might not see the daylight at all, and he prostrated himself in the gloom to implore jesus to accept his sacrifice. during the last four days he suffered torturing pangs, terrible scruples, which would force him from his bed in the middle of the night to knock at the door of some strange priest giving the retreat--some barefooted carmelite, or often a converted protestant respecting whom some wonderful story was current. to him he would make at great length a general confession of his whole life in a voice choking with sobs. absolution alone quieted him, refreshed him, as if he had enjoyed a bath of grace.

on the morning of the great day he felt wholly white; and so vividly was he conscious of his whiteness that he seemed to himself to shed light around him. the seminary bell rang out in clear notes, while all the scents of june--the perfume of blossoming stocks, of mignonette and of heliotropes--came over the lofty courtyard wall. in the chapel relatives were waiting in their best attire, so deeply moved that the women sobbed behind their veils. next came the procession--the deacons about to receive their priesthood in golden chasubles, the sub-deacons in dalmatics, those in minor orders and the tonsured with their surplices floating on their shoulders and their black birettas in their hands. the organ rolled diffusing the flutelike notes of a canticle of joy. at the altar, the bishop officiated, staff in hand, assisted by two canons. all the chapter were there, the priests of all the parishes thronged thick amid a dazzling wealth of apparel, a flaring of gold beneath a broad ray of sunlight falling from a window in the nave. the epistle over, the ordination began.

at this very hour abbe mouret could remember the chill of the scissors when he was marked with the tonsure at the beginning of his first year of theology. it had made him shudder slightly. but the tonsure had then been very small, hardly larger than a penny. later, with each fresh order conferred on him, it had grown and grown until it crowned him with a white spot as large as a big host. the organ's hum grew softer, and the censers swung with a silvery tinkling of their slender chains, releasing a cloudlet of white smoke, which unrolled in lacelike folds. he could see himself, a tonsured youth in a surplice, led to the altar by the master of ceremonies; there he knelt and bowed his head down low, while the bishop with golden scissors snipped off three locks--one over his forehead, and the other two near his ears. yet another twelvemonth, and he could again see himself in the chapel amid the incense, receiving the four minor orders. led by an archdeacon, he went to the main doorway, closed the door with a bang, and opened it again, to show that to him was entrusted the care of churches; next he rang a small bell with his right hand, in token that it was his duty to call the faithful to the divine offices; then he returned to the altar, where fresh privileges were conferred upon him by the bishop--those of singing the lessons, of blessing the bread, of catechising children, of exorcising evil spirits, of serving the deacons, of lighting and extinguishing the candles of the altars.

next came back the memory of the ensuing ordination, more solemn and more dread, amid the same organ strains which sounded now like god's own thunder: this time he wore a sub-deacon's dalmatic upon his shoulders, he bound himself for ever by the vow of chastity, he trembled in every pore, despite his faith, at the terrible _accedite_ from the bishop, which put to flight two of his companions, blanching by his side. his new duties were to serve the priest at the altar, to prepare the cruets, sing the epistle, wipe the chalice, and carry the cross in processions. and, at last, he passed once more, and for the last time, into the chapel, in the radiance of a june sun: but this time he walked at the very head of the procession, with alb girdled about his waist, with stole crossed over his breast, and chasuble falling from his neck. all but fainting from emotion, he could perceive the pallid face of the bishop giving him the priesthood, the fulness of the ministry, by the threefold laying of his hands. and after taking the oath of ecclesiastical obedience, he felt himself uplifted from the stone flags, when the prelate in a full voice repeated the latin words: '_accipe spiritum sanctum. . . . quorum remiseris peccata, remittuntur eis, et quorum retinueris, retenta sunt_.'--'receive the holy ghost. . . . whose sins thou dost forgive they are forgiven; and whose sins thou dost retain, they are retained.'