d. john of austria received the news of his appointment in a letter from the king, written on the 8th of april, 1576, just as he had sent the secretary juan de escovedo to rome, having been importuned by further appeals from gregory xiii about the english expedition. d. john, therefore, deferred replying to this letter until the return of the secretary, presuming with reason that his acceptance or refusal would depend on the news brought from rome by escovedo. this delay, however, joined to the information he had received of the secretary's journey and of his interviews with various personages, gave antonio pérez an opportunity of continuing his evil work of setting the king against his brother. on the 16th of june he wrote with this intention to philip, "i am rather worried, sir, at the way d. john's messenger tarries, because ours must have arrived forty-two days ago, and i have seen a letter of the 8th of may, from naples, from lorenzo spinola, in which he answers those written to him by the post by land and by santiago; so that more than twelve or fifteen days have gone by without answering, which is a great delay, and makes one suspect the affair is being disputed over by the leagues and congregations there, not that i doubt the obedience of the lord d. john, but the delay will cause trouble."

on the margin of this letter philip replied: "certainly there is much delay about this answer and it is very annoying, since i am hoping that everything will be settled by it, and this delay is very bad for flemish matters, principally because i had hoped to send this decision by the marqués de havré; but as the answer does not arrive and he must start, i am sending someone by whom to forward it, and thus he must go with a promise, which it will be very undesirable not to fulfil with all dispatch."

antonio pérez narrates, with much cynicism, in his "relaciones" that the king ordered him to pretend to favour the plans of escovedo and d. john, in order to learn their secrets, if there were any. he needed no command from philip to do this; but whether or no he had one, it is certain that at this date he was already playing this vile part, as the following letter to escovedo proves, in which can be seen all the falseness and perfidy of the man, who a few days previously had been advising the king to invest d. john with a priest's dress.

"truly, sir, with reference to that of england (the projected expedition), about which your grace was employed in rome, i thought that it would be well for h.h. to be at hand and occupied in such serious business for h.m.; the more because i wish to see the lord d. john in some great appointment, in which he would be master of all, so that h.m. might know his worth, and the good account he would give of such a government, free from embarrassment or rivalry of other ministers; and it is not a small thing for h.h. to see himself quit of this."

the king sent d. john of austria his commission and instructions to lombardy, ordering him to go direct from milan to flanders with the haste and caution that the disturbance of these states demanded. but this, however, was not d. john's idea; he wished, beyond anything, to come to spain, and, avoiding the dishonesty of intermediaries, to treat in person with his brother about the resources on which he might count, and the soldiers he could dispose of in his new and difficult command; he wished also to learn d. philip's schemes about the english expedition, of which the nuncio had already spoken to him a second time, because, although it was d. john's greatest wish, he did not desire to do anything in the least against his brother's will; and, lastly, he wanted to plead for his recognition as "infante," in order to have some rank which would give him sufficient authority as governor of flanders, also in england, if the expedition took place. so he wrote to antonio pérez announcing his arrival; but the secretary, fearing frank and clear explanations between the two brothers, as much as the king himself did, planned, with him, to stop d. john's arrival by this letter from d. philip:

antonio pérez

by sir antonio more

"i sent you a messenger by land ordering you to prevent this, and, above all, your coming here, because of the great mistake it would be. i wish to repeat here, and to charge you that in nowise or for any reason whatever you should come, and when your coming will be suitable, nobody will know it or inform you better than i."

d. john, however, was so firm in his intention that, without hesitating even after such a peremptory order, he sent escovedo on ahead with letters to announce his coming, and himself embarked at genoa in a galley belonging to marcelo doria, with another as escort, so as to arrive at the beginning of september at barcelona. d. philip showed his displeasure by sending the following note to meet him:

"last night escovedo gave me your letter and advised me of your arrival at barcelona, and i cannot help saying that great as is the pleasure and wish to have you here, you have taken away much of the joy that it will give me."

d. philip did even more; he was at the escorial, where he had spent the summer with his family, and he prolonged his stay later than usual, in order not to be in madrid when d. john arrived, bidding antonio pérez receive and lodge him in the latter's celebrated country house "la casilla." this is how antonio pérez refers to this remarkable incident in the "memorial": "and truly i must add here, without waiting to go into details, that the reason why antonio pérez was the host of d. john in his "casilla" for a few days was, that the king did not wish to concede the title of infante, or refuse it, because hope would give d. john better heart to settle things in flanders. it is a usual habit of princes to obtain fruit from hopes, as it is found in those inspired by them and is generally wanting when the favour has been granted. and since d. john had naturally to be in madrid for his own private affairs and did not wish to be in a hired house, but in the palace, as a beginning of his treatment as infante, the king resolved not to return to madrid until d. john had left for flanders, so that in this way and at antonio pérez's expense the blow to d. john's hopes should be disguised."

accordingly antonio pérez set out to meet him, going as far as guadalajara, where the duque del infantado already awaited d. john, together with the duque's brothers d. rodrigo and d. diego, the conde de orgaz, the duque de medina de rioseco, and other intimate friends, who escorted him all that day's journey until they left him at antonio pérez's "casilla." this was the celebrated villa, the wonder of the madrid of that day, which stood on the site at present occupied by the convent of st. elizabeth, in the street of the same name. it is now hardly possible to imagine that it was then surrounded by shady gardens, big orchards, and by a green, dark wood more than a league in circumference. the house was large and square, with four towers at the corners, and its big windows with their beautifully wrought gratings opened in two symmetrical rows; the entrance was by a great paved courtyard, in which were rough-stone seats and two cisterns of granite and many iron rings, in the form of heads of wild beasts, horses and dogs, fixed in the wall for tieing up animals. the dining-room and rooms for gaming and diversion were on the right hand; on the left were the guest chambers, and the front of the house was taken up by a suite of saloons, furnished as no house belonging to a grandee in madrid, was, with pictures, tapestries, venetian glass, furniture of precious woods and massive silver, and thousands of other valuable things which made the house an object of wonder and gossip for the whole court: they asked each other how antonio pérez could afford luxury greater than that displayed by the most powerful grandee, as he had no fortune either acquired or inherited, and they whispered about, and even plainly mentioned, bribes, falsehoods, intrigues, and infamous mean acts, the truth of which was proved, years afterwards, in the celebrated trial of the secretary.

it was in the five front rooms that d. john was lodged; they were furnished with all that was best and richest to be found, and as a perfidious compliment from the false pérez to the future king of england, he placed canopies and attributes of royalty in each of them. in the first room there was a rich gold and silver tapestry of the sacrifice of abraham and a canopy of tawny velvet, adorned with plates of gold and hammered silver. in another room, arranged for the times when d. john wished to dine alone, there was a similar tapestry with the story of joseph, a canopy and chairs embroidered in different colours, and a wooden dais with a rich carpet. then came the ante-room with gold and silver tapestry, with scenes from the ?neid, and a canopy of gold and silver embroidered in relief in different colours, and inlaid writing-tables with their implements of gold and silver beautifully wrought. the bedroom was next, with tapestry of brocaded green gold (verde auro), a silk carpet, and tables and chairs of silver; the bed was also of silver, with angels on the posts holding tablets with this inscription: "the lord d. john sleeps. enter softly." joining the alcove was a closet, hung with gold and silver tapestry, which did not reach the ground, with a bath with perfumes, a dressing-table of silver, and all the necessary implements of the same metal. all over the house were scent-burners with different sweet perfumes, even the courtyard held two of them, under the care of as many lackeys, who perfumed the cloths of the horses as they came in and out. "and to such lengths," says luis de zapata de calatayud na?vely, "did his luxury and ostentation reach, that there was the wherewithal to clean the shoes of those who entered his house on foot, who did not fail to leave them at the door, as the moors do on entering a mosque."