d. john arrived at cartagena quite at the end of may, and found, waiting for him there, his lieutenant, the knight commander d. luis de requesens, who lodged in his house. by the king's orders, d. álvaro de bazán, who was afterwards first marqués de santa cruz, d. juan de cardona and the veteran gil andrada were also waiting for him as councillors.

they took him first to visit the galleys anchored in the port, and d. john was as much pleased as surprised at the "capitana" which his brother the king had had prepared for him, with all the improvements of the time.

it was a galley of the venetian type, with sixty oars, as easy to navigate as it was strong to attack or resist. the hulk had been built in barcelona of catalonian pine, which is the best timber for ships in asia, africa or europe, and the magnificent poop in seville according to the designs of the painter and architect juan balesta castello, surnamed the bergamesco. the keel measured 468 "palms" and the deck 492 "palms," and it stood 72 "palms" above the water.

it was painted white and red, and the stern was adorned with fine pictures and friezes and ornaments, all symbolical of the qualities a great captain should possess.

by the bowsprit there were large pictures divided by two spaces; the centre one represented the capture of the "golden fleece" by jason, who, according to pliny, was the first man to sail in "nao prolongada," the right-hand picture represented prudence and temperance, the left-hand one fortitude and justice, and in the dividing tapestries were displayed on one the god mars, with the sword of vulcan and the shield of pallas, and this motto—per saxa, per undas—and in the other the god mercury, with his finger on his lips, as one commanding silence, with this legend—opportune.

from here extended on each side great chains of the "golden fleece," interlaced with masks and other symbolical pictures, which reached to the prow, the figurehead being a powerful hercules, leaning on his club. over the stern shone the great lantern, emblem of command, of wood and bronze, all gilt, crowned with a statue of fame.

on the 2nd of june the first council presided over by d. john was held, the knight commander d. luis de requesens, d. álvaro de bazán, d. juan de cardona, and gil andrada being present. it was the first council that d. john had presided over, and without showing self-sufficiency unsuitable to his years, or the timidity very natural to them, he at once gave proof of one of the best qualities a leader can possess, in order to direct and govern: to know how to ask and how to listen. the council decided to set sail without loss of time, to fall in with the fleet coming from the indies, and escort it as far as sanlucar de barrameda; then to go and follow the corsairs along all the mediterranean coast to the ports of france and italy.

the embarkation and departure were fixed for the 4th, and it was a brave sight that the beautiful port of cartagena offered that day. the thirty-three galleys which composed the fleet were dressed with the magnificence of the period, streamers hung from the lower decks, pendants from the yards, banners at the stern; and the most beautiful of all, the "capitana," flying, by d. john's orders, as well as the royal ensign, the standard of our lady of guadeloupe.

very early that morning d. john confessed and received communion, and at nine o'clock went on board the "capitana," followed by a great retinue. then all the galleys burst forth with salvos of artillery, and music of drums, and trumpets and clarions and moorish horns; the crews manned the rigging, the people in feluccas and on the mole, crowded so together that many fell into the water, cheered wildly, and d. john, the great d. john that do?a magdalena had made of the humble jeromín, held up his head as if among the smoke of the powder he smelt the perfume of the glory which was coming to meet him, and felt his chest swell and his heart expand as if for the first time he realised heaven's high mission for him, which was announced not long afterwards to the world by the great pontiff pius v, in these words:

fuit homo missus a deo, cui nomen erat joannes.

(there was a man sent from god, whose name was john.)

the expedition lasted until the middle of september, when the fleet returned to barcelona to winter in that port, according to the custom of those times, except in the case of great urgency or grave peril, during the months of october, november, december and january.

in this expedition, however, there were neither dangers, nor battles, nor rich and abundant prizes. but there was for d. john (and this was philip ii's idea in giving him the command) deep and practical instruction in the working of a fleet and of disembarking an army; a very useful apprenticeship in the way of combining and directing these united forces, and a good opportunity to display to great and small those gifts of energy and courtesy which make the perfect leader, and with which with so unsparing a hand god had endowed d. john of austria.

his sure, sound judgment, his prudence in deciding, his frankness and courage in performing, and his firmness and energy in reprimanding and punishing revealed to all in the new leader the not unworthy son of charles v; and his noble magnanimity towards the vanquished, his gracious compassion for the unfortunate, and his respectful charity towards all the poor and miserable, be they ever so low and vile, also revealed the former jeromín who marshalled do?a magdalena's poor people in the courtyard of villagarcia, cap in hand, and who had learnt from that noble woman to see and respect in the poor the image of our lord.

never, she used to say, does a crucifix cease to be a symbol of our redemption; even though evil hands have profaned it and thrown it on the dust-heap, it will always be capable of being cleaned and polished, and always merits the same veneration. in the same way, no man ceases to be the "redeemed of christ"; and, however tarnished by infamy and stained by crime, is always susceptible of repentance and pardon, and will always merit the respect appertaining to that which has cost the blood of god.

this expedition, then, made firm the pedestal on which had been erected the great figure of d. john of austria, and thenceforward he was looked up to by the captains as a leader, loved like a father by the soldiers and crews of the ships; the poor galley slaves, tied to the hard bench, saw in him a sort of archangel who descended to the purgatory of their prison to ease their work and raise their hopes, and never throwing their offences in their teeth.

the death of prince carlos was announced to d. john when he disembarked at barcelona; it had occurred two months before on the 24th of july, the eve of st. james's day, while d. john was at sea. this news affected him greatly, not so much for the death of the prince, which was holy and christian, and the best thing that could have happened to the unlucky man, but more for the sorrow he imagined it would cause to d. philip as king and father.

these sad warnings of the uncertainty of life made d. john remember the promise he had made do?a magdalena de ulloa to retire for a while to the convent of abrojo to meditate in solitude on the eternal truths, and this seemed to him the best opportunity of fulfilling his word.

the king gladly gave permission, and d. john set out for madrid and from thence to valladolid, where do?a magdalena de ulloa was waiting for him. there the sad news reached him that his sister-in-law, the good and gentle queen, do?a isabel of the peace, had died on the 3rd of october (1568); this fresh sorrow spurred d. john on to put into execution his design of retiring to the convent of abrojo, with only two valets and the secretary juan de quiroga.

the monastery of scala-c?li, commonly called "of abrojo," from the wood of that name in the midst of which alvar deaz de villacreses founded it, was a convent of bare-footed franciscans, situated in this thicket, half a league from valladolid. the kings of castille had much veneration for it and made it a royal fortress, surrounding it with towers and battlemented walls, and by the church they kept for themselves a humble lodging where they retired for certain religious solemnities and in their times of mourning and sorrow.

there was, in d. john's day, a very devout servant of god, called fr. juan de calahorra, at abrojo, who had known him as jeromín in his youthful days, and had confessed him and often directed him in valladolid and villagarcia.

d. john much esteemed his holiness and gentle ways, and wished to keep the brother at his side as confessor and spiritual director during all the time he was in retreat, which was more than two months.

but during this time alarming news reached the solitude of the convent of abrojo of the rebellion of the moors of granada, and juan de quiroga, who, like all those who knew him well, simply adored d. john and recognised his military qualities, which only needed scope in which to expand and triumph, advised him to beg the king to give him the command of the expedition.

d. john was fired with the idea, but first desired to consult fr. juan de calahorra and do?a magdalena de ulloa, who came to see him several times during those two months. the brother much applauded the project, and as if moved by a spirit of prophecy, said to d. john that not only would he obtain the command, but that it would procure a great name for him throughout europe.

as to do?a magdalena, she equally approved of the idea, and insisted on its realisation with even more warmth than juan de quiroga or the brother; according to her, the indolent luxury of the court was always harmful to d. john's youth, and only the responsibilities and hardships of war could keep the proper balance of his ardent nature.

and expressing herself more freely to fr. juan de calahorra, the discreet lady said, "as only the king can marry him to a princess, let us meanwhile betroth him to war; masking her ugliness with the cosmetics of glory."

satisfied by this, d. john posted to madrid, and before presenting himself to his brother d. philip, sent him the following letter:

"y.c.r.m. the obligation i am under to y.m., and my natural faith for and love for you, make me always tell you what seems to me suitable, with all submission. i informed y.m. of my arrival in madrid, and the reason why i came, and i thought that it was not necessary to worry y.m. with papers of so little importance as mine. now i have heard of the state of the rebellion of the moors at granada, and how hard pressed the city is, and the rumour is certainly true; as the vindication of y.m.'s reputation, honour and greatness, lowered by the impudence of these rebels, is very near my heart, i cannot help breaking the obedience and submission i have always shown to the will of y.m., by telling you my own and begging y.m. (as it is the honour of kings to be constant in their favours and to make men by their hand), as i am y.m.'s handiwork, to use me to apply your punishment, and you know that you can trust me more than others, and that no one can better inflict it on these rascals than i can. i confess that they are unworthy of much notice and that someone to punish them is all that is required; but as people, however vile, when they are strong become proud, and as they say that this is not wanting in the present case, it is necessary to deprive them of power: the marqués de mondejar is not strong enough for this (because they say that he disagrees with the president and that he is obeyed with a bad grace) and it is advisable to send someone who, like me, is naturally inclined to such work, and i am as obedient to the royal will of y.m. as clay in the potter's hand, and it would seem to me a grave offence against my love, my inclination, and what i owe to y.m. if i do not fulfil this duty; but well i know that those who serve y.m. and are under your royal hand hold all securely and can ask for nothing further, but this is no reason why this action should be blamed, it should rather be esteemed. if i gain my wish, it will be sufficient reward. for this i came from abrojo; which i should not have presumed to do without an express order from y.m. except on such important service for y.m. our lord keep the c. and r. person of y.m.

"from the inn, the 30th of december, 1568. from y.m.'s handiwork and most humble servant who kisses your royal hand.

"d. john of austria."