the marseilles express was ready on the quay, where the postmen ran, and the carriages rolled amid smoke and noise, under the light that fell from the windows. through the open doors travellers in long cloaks came and went. at the end of the station, blinding with soot and dust, a small rainbow could be discerned, not larger than one’s hand. countess martin and the good madame marniet were already in their carriage, under the rack loaded with bags, among newspapers thrown on the cushions. choulette had not appeared, and madame martin expected him no longer. yet he had promised to be at the station. he had made his arrangements to go, and had received from his publisher the price of les blandices. paul vence had brought him one evening to madame martin’s house. he had been sweet, polished, full of witty gayety and naive joy. she had promised herself much pleasure in travelling with a man of genius, original, picturesquely ugly, with an amusing simplicity; like a child prematurely old and abandoned, full of vices, yet with a certain degree of innocence. the doors closed. she expected him no longer. she should not have counted on his impulsive and vagabondish mind. at the moment when the engine began to breathe hoarsely, madame marmet, who was looking out of the window, said, quietly:

“i think that monsieur choulette is coming.”

he was walking along the quay, limping, with his hat on the back of his head, his beard unkempt, and dragging an old carpet-bag. he was almost repulsive; yet, in spite of his fifty years of age, he looked young, so clear and lustrous were his eyes, so much ingenuous audacity had been retained in his yellow, hollow face, so vividly did this old man express the eternal adolescence of the poet and artist. when she saw him, therese regretted having invited so strange a companion. he walked along, throwing a hasty glance into every carriage — a glance which, little by little, became sullen and distrustful. but when he recognized madame martin, he smiled so sweetly and said good-morning to her in so caressing a voice that nothing was left of the ferocious old vagabond walking on the quay, nothing except the old carpet-bag, the handles of which were half broken.

he placed it in the rack with great care, among the elegant bags enveloped with gray cloth, beside which it looked conspicuously sordid. it was studded with yellow flowers on a blood-colored background.

he was soon perfectly at ease, and complimented madame martin on the elegance of her travelling attire.

“excuse me, ladies,” he added, “i was afraid i should be late. i went to six o’clock mass at saint severin, my parish, in the virgin chapel, under those pretty, but absurd columns that point toward heaven though frail as reeds-like us, poor sinners that we are.”

“ah,” said madame martin, “you are pious to-day.”

and she asked him whether he wore the cordon of the order which he was founding. he assumed a grave and penitent air.

“i am afraid, madame, that monsieur paul vence has told you many absurd stories about me. i have heard that he goes about circulating rumors that my ribbon is a bell-rope — and of what a bell! i should be pained if anybody believed so wretched a story. my ribbon, madame, is a symbolical ribbon. it is represented by a simple thread, which one wears under one’s clothes after a pauper has touched it, as a sign that poverty is holy, and that it will save the world. there is nothing good except in poverty; and since i have received the price of les blandices, i feel that i am unjust and harsh. it is a good thing that i have placed in my bag several of these mystic ribbons.”

and, pointing to the horrible carpet-bag:

“i have also placed in it a host which a bad priest gave to me, the works of monsieur de maistre, shirts, and several other things:”

madame martin lifted her eyebrows, a little ill at ease. but the good madame marmet retained her habitual placidity.

as the train rolled through the homely scenes of the outskirts, that black fringe which makes an unlovely border to the city, choulette took from his pocket an old book which he began to fumble. the writer, hidden under the vagabond, revealed himself. choulette, without wishing to appear to be careful of his papers, was very orderly about them. he assured himself that he had not lost the pieces of paper on which he noted at the coffeehouse his ideas for poems, nor the dozen of flattering letters which, soiled and spotted, he carried with him continually, to read them to his newly-made companions at night. after assuring himself that nothing was missing, he took from the book a letter folded in an open envelope. he waved it for a while, with an air of mysterious impudence, then handed it to the countess martin. it was a letter of introduction from the marquise de rieu to a princess of the house of france, a near relative of the comte de chambord, who, old and a widow, lived in retirement near the gates of florence. having enjoyed the effect which he expected to produce, he said that he should perhaps visit the princess; that she was a good person, and pious.

“a truly great lady,” he added, “who does not show her magnificence in gowns and hats. she wears her chemises for six weeks, and sometimes longer. the gentlemen of her train have seen her wear very dirty white stockings, which fell around her heels. the virtues of the great queens of spain are revived in her. oh, those soiled stockings, what real glory there is in them!”

he took the letter and put it back in his book. then, arming himself with a horn-handled knife, he began, with its point, to finish a figure sketched in the handle of his stick. he complimented himself on it:

“i am skilful in all the arts of beggars and vagabonds. i know how to open locks with a nail, and how to carve wood with a bad knife.”

the head began to appear. it was the head of a thin woman, weeping.

choulette wished to express in it human misery, not simple and touching, such as men of other times may have felt it in a world of mingled harshness and kindness; but hideous, and reflecting the state of ugliness created by the free-thinking bourgeois and the military patriots of the french revolution. according to him the present regime embodied only hypocrisy and brutality.

“their barracks are a hideous invention of modern times. they date from the seventeenth century. before that time there were only guard-houses where the soldiers played cards and told tales. louis xiv was a precursor of bonaparte. but the evil has attained its plenitude since the monstrous institution of the obligatory enlistment. the shame of emperors and of republics is to have made it an obligation for men to kill. in the ages called barbarous, cities and princes entrusted their defence to mercenaries, who fought prudently. in a great battle only five or six men were killed. and when knights went to the wars, at least they were not forced to do it; they died for their pleasure. they were good for nothing else. nobody in the time of saint louis would have thought of sending to battle a man of learning. and the laborer was not torn from the soil to be killed. nowadays it is a duty for a poor peasant to be a soldier. he is exiled from his house, the roof of which smokes in the silence of night; from the fat prairies where the oxen graze; from the fields and the paternal woods. he is taught how to kill men; he is threatened, insulted, put in prison and told that it is an honor; and, if he does not care for that sort of honor, he is fusilladed. he obeys because he is terrorized, and is of all domestic animals the gentlest and most docile. we are warlike in france, and we are citizens. another reason to be proud, this being a citizen! for the poor it consists in sustaining and preserving the wealthy in their power and their laziness. the poor must work for this, in presence of the majestic quality of the law which prohibits the wealthy as well as the poor from sleeping under the bridges, from begging in the streets, and from stealing bread. that is one of the good effects of the revolution. as this revolution was made by fools and idiots for the benefit of those who acquired national lands, and resulted in nothing but making the fortune of crafty peasants and financiering bourgeois, the revolution only made stronger, under the pretence of making all men equal, the empire of wealth. it has betrayed france into the hands of the men of wealth. they are masters and lords. the apparent government, composed of poor devils, is in the pay of the financiers. for one hundred years, in this poisoned country, whoever has loved the poor has been considered a traitor to society. a man is called dangerous when he says that there are wretched people. there are laws against indignation and pity, and what i say here could not go into print.”

choulette became excited and waved his knife, while under the wintry sunlight passed fields of brown earth, trees despoiled by winter, and curtains of poplars beside silvery rivers.

he looked with tenderness at the figure carved on his stick.

“here you are,” he said, “poor humanity, thin and weeping, stupid with shame and misery, as you were made by your masters — soldiers and men of wealth.”

the good madame marmet, whose nephew was a captain in the artillery, was shocked at the violence with which choulette attacked the army. madame martin saw in this only an amusing fantasy. choulette’s ideas did not frighten her. she was afraid of nothing. but she thought they were a little absurd. she did not think that the past had ever been better than the present.

“i believe, monsieur choulette, that men were always as they are to-day, selfish, avaricious, and pitiless. i believe that laws and manners were always harsh and cruel to the unfortunate.”

between la roche and dijon they took breakfast in the dining-car, and left choulette in it, alone with his pipe, his glass of benedictine, and his irritation.

in the carriage, madame marmet talked with peaceful tenderness of the husband she had lost. he had married her for love; he had written admirable verses to her, which she had kept, and never shown to any one. he was lively and very gay. one would not have thought it who had seen him later, tired by work and weakened by illness. he studied until the last moment. two hours before he died he was trying to read again. he was affectionate and kind. even in suffering he retained all his sweetness. madame martin said to her:

“you have had long years of happiness; you have kept the reminiscence of them; that is a share of happiness in this world.”

but good madame marmet sighed; a cloud passed over her quiet brow.

“yes,” she said, “louis was the best of men and the best of husbands. yet he made me very miserable. he had only one fault, but i suffered from it cruelly. he was jealous. good, kind, tender, and generous as he was, this horrible passion made him unjust, ironical, and violent. i can assure you that my behavior gave not the least cause for suspicion. i was not a coquette. but i was young, fresh; i passed for beautiful. that was enough. he would not let me go out alone, and would not let me receive calls in his absence. whenever we went to a reception, i trembled in advance with the fear of the scene which he would make later in the carriage.”

and the good madame marmet added, with a sigh:

“it is true that i liked to dance. but i had to renounce going to balls; it made him suffer too much.”

countess martin expressed astonishment. she had always imagined marmet as an old man, timid, and absorbed by his thoughts; a little ridiculous, between his wife, plump, white, and amiable, and the skeleton wearing a helmet of bronze and gold. but the excellent widow confided to her that, at fifty-five years of age, when she was fifty-three, louis was just as jealous as on the first day of their marriage.

and therese thought that robert had never tormented her with jealousy. was it on his part a proof of tact and good taste, a mark of confidence, or was it that he did not love her enough to make her suffer? she did not know, and she did not have the heart to try to know. she would have to look through recesses of her mind which she preferred not to open.

she murmured carelessly:

“we long to be loved, and when we are loved we are tormented or worried.”

the day was finished in reading and thinking. choulette did not reappear. night covered little by little with its gray clouds the mulberry-trees of the dauphine. madame marmet went to sleep peacefully, resting on herself as on a mass of pillows. therese looked at her and thought:

“she is happy, since she likes to remember.”

the sadness of night penetrated her heart. and when the moon rose on the fields of olive-trees, seeing the soft lines of plains and of hills pass, therese, in this landscape wherein everything spoke of peace and oblivion, and nothing spoke of her, regretted the seine, the arc de triomphe with its radiating avenues, and the alleys of the park where, at least, the trees and the stones knew her.

suddenly choulette threw himself into the carriage. armed with his knotty stick, his face and head enveloped in red wool and a fur cap, he almost frightened her. it was what he wished to do. his violent attitudes and his savage dress were studied. always seeking to produce effects, it pleased him to seem frightful.

he was a coward himself, and was glad to inspire the fears he often felt. a moment before, as he was smoking his pipe, he had felt, while seeing the moon swallowed up by the clouds, one of those childish frights that tormented his light mind. he had come near the countess to be reassured.

“arles,” he said. “do you know arles? it is a place of pure beauty. i have seen, in the cloister, doves resting on the shoulders of statues, and i have seen the little gray lizards warming themselves in the sun on the tombs. the tombs are now in two rows on the road that leads to the church. they are formed like cisterns, and serve as beds for the poor at night. one night, when i was walking among them, i met a good old woman who was placing dried herbs in the tomb of an old maid who had died on her wedding-day. we said goodnight to her. she replied: ‘may god hear-you! but fate wills that this tomb should open on the side of the northwest wind. if only it were open on the other side, i should be lying as comfortably as queen jeanne.’”

therese made no answer. she was dozing. and choulette shivered in the cold of the night, in the fear of death.