how the gouernour departed from aquixo to casqui, and from thence to pacaha: and how this countrie differeth from that which we had passed.

hauing passed rio grande, the gouernour trauelled a league and an halfe, and came to a great towne of aquixo, which was dispeopled before hee came thither. they espied thirtie indians comming ouer a plaine, which the cacique sent, to discouer the christians determination: and assoone as they had sight of them, they tooke themselues to flight. the horsemen pursued them, and slue tenne, and tooke fifteene. and because the towne, whither the gouernour went, was neere vnto the riuer, he sent a captaine, with as many men as he thought sufficient to carrie the barges vp the riuer. and because in his trauelling by land many times he went farre from the riuer to compasse the creekes that came from it, the indians tooke occasion to set vpon them of the barges, and put them in great danger, because that by reason of the great current, they durst not leaue the shore, and from the bancke they shot at them. assoone as the gouernour was come to the towne, hee presently sent crossebow men downe the riuer, which came to rescue them; and vpon the comming of the barges to the towne, hee commanded them to bee broken, and to saue the iron for others, when it should bee needfull. hee lay there one night, and the day following, hee set forward to seeke a prouince, called pacaha: which hee was informed to bee neere vnto chisca, where the indians told him there was gold. he passed through great townes of aquixo, which were all abandoned for feare of the christians. hee understood by certaine indians that were taken, that three daies iournie from thence dwelt a great cacique, whose name was casqui. hee came to a small riuer, where a bridge was made, by which they passed: that day till sunset, they went all in water, which in some places came to the waste, and in some to the knees. when they saw themselues on dry land, they were very glad, because they feared they should wander vp and downe as forlorne men al night in the water. at noone they came to the first towne of casqui: they found the indians carelesse, because they had no knowledge of them. there were many men and women taken, and store of goods, as mantles and skinnes, as well in the first towne, as in another, which stood in a field halfe a league from thence in sight of it; whither the horsemen ran. this countrie is higher, drier, and more champion, than any part bordering neere the riuer, that vntill then they had seene. there were in the fields many walnut trees, bearing soft shelled walnuts in fashion like bullets, and in the houses they found many of them, which the indians had laid vp in store. the trees differed in nothing else from those of spaine, nor from those which we had seene before, but onely that they have a smaller leafe. there were many mulberrie trees and plum trees, which bare red plums like those of spaine, and other gray, somewhat differing, but farre better. and all the trees are all the yeere so fruitfull, as if they were planted in orchards: and the woods were verie thinne. the gouernour trauelled two daies through the countrie of casqui, before hee came to the towne where the cacique was: and most of the way was alway by champion ground, which was full of great townes, so that from one towne, you might see two or three. he sent an indian to certifie the cacique, that hee was comming to the place where he was, with intent to procure his friendship, and to hold him as his brother. whereunto he answered, that he should be welcome, and that he would receiue him with speciall good wil, and accomplish all that his lordship would command him. hee sent him a present vpon the way; to wit, skinnes, mantles, and fish: and after these complements, the gouernour found all the townes, as he passed, inhabited with people, which peaceablie attended his comming, and offered him skinnes, mantles, and fish. the cacique accompanied with many indians came out of the towne, and staied halfe a league on the way to receiue the gouernour, and when hee came to him, he spake these words following:

right high, right mighty, and renowned lord, your lorship is most hartilie welcome. assoone as i had notice of your lordship, of your power, and your perfections, although you came into my countrie, killing and taking captiues the inhabitants thereof and my subiects: yet i determined to conforme my will vnto yours, and as your owne to interpret in good part all that your lordship did: beleeuing, that it was conuenient it should be so for some iust respect, to preuent some future matter reuealed vnto your lordship, and concealed from me. for well may a mischiefe be permitted to auoid a greater, and that good may come thereof: which i beleeue will so fall out. for it is no reason to presume of so excellent a prince, that the noblenesse of his heart, and the effect of his will would permit him to suffer any vniust thing. my abilitie is so small to serue you as your lordship deserueth, that if you respect not mine abundant good will, which humblie offereth all kind of seruice, i deserue but little in your presence. but if it bee reason that this be esteemed, receiue the same; my selfe, my countrie, and subiects for yours, and dispose of me and them at your pleasure. for if i were lord of all the world, with the same good will should your lordship by me be receiued, serued and obeyed.

the gouernour answered him to the purpose, and satisfied him in few words. within a while after both of them vsed words of great offers and courtesie the one to the other, and the cacique requested him to lodge in his houses. the gouernour, to preserue the peace the better, excused himselfe, saying, that hee would lodge in the fields. and because it was very hot, they camped neere certaine trees a quarter of a league from the towne. the chiefe towne of the cacique of casqui. the cacique went to his towne, and came againe with many indians singing. assoone as they came to the gouernour, all of them prostrated themselues vpon the ground. among these came two indians that were blind. the cacique made a speech: to auoid tediousnesse, i will onely tell in few words the substance of the matter. hee said, that seeing the gouernour was the sonne of the sunne, and a great lord, he besought him to doe him the fauour to giue sight to those two blind men. the blind men rose vp presently, and very earnestly requested the same of the gouernour. he answered, that in the high heauens was he that had power to giue them health, and whatsoeuer they could aske of him, whose seruant he was: and that this lord made the heauens and the earth, and man after his owne likenesse, and that he suffered vpon the crosse to saue mankind, and rose againe the third day, and that he died as he was man, and as touching his diuinitie, he was, and is immortall; and that he ascended into heauen, where he standeth with his armes open to receiue all such as turne vnto him: and straightway he commanded him to make a verie high crosse of wood, which was set vp in the highest place of the towne; declaring vnto him, that the christians worshipped the same in resemblance and memorie of that whereon christ suffered. the gouernour and his men kneeled downe before it, and the indians did the like. the gouernour willed him, that from thencefoorth hee should worship the same, and should aske whatsoeuer they stood in need of, of that lord that he told him was in heauen. then he asked him how far it was from thence to pacaha: he said, one daies iournie, and that at the end of his countrie, there was a lake like a brooke which falleth into rio grande, and that hee would send men before to make a bridge whereby he might passe. the same day that the gouernour departed thence, he lodged at a towne belonging to casqui: and the next day hee passed in sight of other townes, and came to the lake, which was halfe a crossebow shot ouer, of a great depth and current. at the time of his comming, the indians had made an end of the bridge, which was made of timber, laid one tree after another: and on one side it had a course of stakes higher then the bridge, for them that passed to take hold on. the cacique of casqui came to the gouernour, and brought his people with him. the gouernour sent word by an indian to the cacique of pacaha, that though hee were enemie to the cacique of casqui, and though hee were there, yet he would doe him no disgrace nor hurt, if he would attend him peaceablie, and embrace his friendship; but rather would intreate him as a brother. the indian, which the gouernour sent, came againe, and said, that the cacique made none account of that which hee told him, but fled with all his men out at the other side of the towne. presentlie the gouernour entred, and ran before with the horsemen, that way, by which the indians fled; and at another towne distant a quarter of a league from thence, they tooke many indians: and assoone as the horsemen had taken them, they deliuered them to the indians of casqui, whom, because they were their enemies, with much circumspection and reioycing, they brought to the towne where the christians were: and the greatest griefe they had, was this, that they could not get leaue to kill them. there were found in the towne many mantles, and deere skinnes, lions skins, and beares skinnes, and many cats skins. many came so farre poorely apparrelled, and there they clothed themselues: of the mantles, they made them cotes and cassocks, and some made gownes, and lined them with cats skins; and likewise their cassocks. of the deeres skinnes, some made them also ierkins, shirts, hose and shooes: and of the beare skinnes, they made them verie good clokes: for no water could pierce them. there were targets of raw oxe hides found there; with which hides they armed their horses.