honorary distinctions.

the court had meanwhile removed to angollála; but a paternal letter from the royal pen awaited the return of the embassy to the capital. “are my children well?—have they entered in safety? i have heard with joy of your success. horsemen were dispatched, and they brought me the glad tidings that you had killed. hasten hither, that i may confer upon you the reward due unto those who have slain forty galla in the battle.”

no time was lost in accepting this invitation, and a guard of honour met us on the road. together with sheep and oxen from the king, and barilles of hydromel from the queen, visits of congratulation were received from all the principal courtiers present. amongst others, came ayto egázoo, whose hospitality had been extended to us on our way to giddem; and ayto zowdoo (i.e. my crown) formerly governor of the important province of geshe on the northern frontier, who was dismissed for bravely fighting against the worra káloo, on the occasion when the son of birroo lubo fell—an event which, although highly gratifying to his majesty, policy had induced him to punish by the imprisonment and disgrace of all the principal amhára engaged. both of these visitors had, with sorrowful hearts, taken leave of us on our departure; and they now repeated the inward conviction entertained, that the animals against which rash war was to be waged, would have “consumed the assailants”—a persuasion which had led them to cherish not the smallest hope of seeing any one of us again. but greater than all was the delight of the chief smith, when he gave his assurance, after a careful admeasurement, that the circumference of the ivory trophies then lying in the tent for presentation to his royal master, yielded two full spans in excess of any tusk in the royal magazines. a band of fusiliers were at dawn the ensuing morning directed to escort us to the presence; and whilst ascending the hill through the various courtyards, they chanted the war chorus of death before the spoils of the vanquished elephant. a successful expedition against the loomi galla having recently returned, the walls of the reception-hall were decorated with numerous trophies hanging above scrolls of parchment closely written with blessings from the priesthood. but the whole court was in deep mourning, in consequence of the demise of ayto baimoot, the chief eunuch, who was nurse to the king in infancy, and had been through after-life his principal adviser. heads were close shaven, temples scarified; and those immediately about the royal person were clothed in sackcloth and ashes.

“your joy is my joy,” exclaimed his majesty, so soon as the usual salutations had been concluded, “and i am delighted when my children are happy. i feared that the elephants would destroy you; but you have achieved a triumph which none other have accomplished during the reign of sáhela selássie.”

the ivory was now laid at the feet of the king, who listened with great interest and seeming astonishment to the detail of our proceedings, and to the assurance that the monarch of the forest might always be vanquished by a single bullet, if properly directed. a long confession of the personal dread entertained of the elephant by his majesty was followed by an anecdote formerly touched upon at machal-wans, of his own discomfiture, and that of his entire host, by a herd encountered during a foray against the metcha galla, when, being firmly convinced that the army would be destroyed, he had deemed it prudent to retreat with all expedition. “i ran,” he repeated several times with emphasis—“i ran, and every one of my followers did the same. you evidently understand the mode of dealing with these monsters; but if ten thousand of my people ventured to oppose a troop, the elephants would consume them all.”

after this candid avowal on the part of the despot, i took the opportunity of intimating that a strong desire had been entertained to bring from giddem the spoils also of a wild buffalo, but that ayto tsánna declared to me that his majesty, during an expedition made some years previously, had fairly exterminated the species.

“oonut now,” “that is true,” he replied, “and you must not attempt to kill the ‘gosh,’ for it is a most ferocious and dangerous beast. what answer should i give if my children were to be demolished by buffaloes in the kingdom of shoa? they consume men and horses. when i slew a buffalo in giddem, there were ten men and ten horses destroyed. they reside in the thickets where they cannot be seen; and putting their heads to the ground, annihilate all who approach their lair. as soon as they have killed a horse, we close round them in vast numbers, and overwhelm them with spears and guns; but you are few, and cannot attempt this.”

as this paternal remonstrance might be traced to a desire on the part of the monarch to place his own exploit in a superior point of view, i changed the subject by an assurance of the uniform kindness and hospitality that we had experienced on the road, at the hands of ayto tsánna, and at those of the emabiet in mahhfood more especially; and each pause was followed by an ejaculation from the royal lips: “did i not command him? is not birkenich my daughter?”

certain rewards and immunities are in shoa attached to the destruction of enemies of the state, and of formidable wild beasts, which are regulated according to a fixed scale, and never withheld. these his majesty now signified his intention of conferring; and one of the ministers of the crown entering the hall, accordingly proceeded, by the royal command, to invest the victors with the decorations due to the downfall of an elephant.

“you have each slain forty galla,” repeated the king, “and are henceforth entitled to wear upon the right arm this bitówa, or silver gauntlet, surmounted by this choofa, or silver bracelet; and on the left shoulder the spoils of a he lion, in token of your prowess, that it may be manifest unto all men.”

his majesty then with his own hand presented newly-plucked sprigs of wild asparagus, to be worn in the hair during forty days, and to be replaced at the expiration of that period by the erkoom feather. thus honoured, we took our way down through the court-yards of the palace, a band of warriors again preceding, who discharged their muskets at intervals, whilst they chanted the amhára war chorus, and danced the death triumph.

the rebellion of the loomi, which had now with infinite difficulty been quelled, affords an excellent commentary upon the nature of sáhela selássie’s galla tenures. a portion of this tribe had failed to pay their tribute to the now disgraced governor of mentshar, who was wounded in the attempt to levy it, and the royal forces took the field against them. bótha, who presided over a portion of the yerrur district, was also a defaulter, though not in open revolt; but at the entreaty of his brother dogmo, a faithful vassal of the king, he came in with his arrears as the army drew nigh; and having been mildly reproached for the delay, was dismissed with pardon. no sooner, however, had he left the camp, than he went over to the galla on the plain of the háwash, and aided the loomi in a projected attack upon the amhára. upon this defection, shambo, his elder brother, became apprehensive of consequences; for he conceived it by no means improbable that he might be held responsible for an offence in which he had no participation, as in the case of súmmad negoos, late governor of geshe, who is to this day a state prisoner in consequence of his brother negooso going over to the ruler of argobba. he therefore determined to renounce his allegiance, but deferred the execution of his design until after joining ayto shishigo, who commanded the troops acting against the loomi; and it being then proposed to burn a village on the summit of an adjacent hill, belonging to the tribe of bótha, he immediately took part with the enemy, and heading an onset in person, slew a vast number of the christians.

one half of the loomi hamlets were already in flames, but the work of destruction was now discontinued; and the royal forces retreating in disorder, were again attacked by the rebel brothers, and defeated with great loss within sight of the camp at cholie. perceiving his warriors flying in all directions, the king seized spear and shield, and commanded his steed to be saddled, to the end that he might take the field in person. but a wily monk, believing that his majesty felt no real anxiety to place himself in a position of such imminent peril, threatened him with excommunication if he stirred, and thus the day was irretrievably lost.

háwash oosha (i.e. “the dog of the háwash”), who governs the subjugated sections of the aroosi, soddo, liban, and jillé tribes, having meanwhile joined the insurgents, the whole galla border was in arms. this powerful chieftain, who was for many years the open enemy of the despot, had been finally gained over to the royal interest by large presents, and by the espousal of his daughter; since which period he has held, in nominal subjection to the crown, an important portion of the plain of the háwash. he soon repented him of the part he had taken in the present insurrection; and the usual dissensions arising among the rebels, a deputation, assured of personal safety, fell on the ground before the footstool of the throne with overtures of future fealty. but the country was rich in flocks and herds; and under the peculiar circumstances of aggravation attending the revolt, the delegates were commanded to arise, and to return whence they came, with an assurance to the contrite rebel that his fair plains were shortly to be the scene of pillage and desolation.

two successful inroads followed close upon this threat, and ample vengeance was taken. the wealth of the pagans was transferred to the royal meadows. women wrung their hands in captivity, and a black and burning monument attested the lava-like course of the chastising hordes. the season of retribution again drew nigh, and shambo and bótha trembled at the fate that awaited them. the powerful intercession of the church was sought with bribes, and obtained. a hooded monk from the cloisters of affaf woira stood before the throne with a peace-offering from those who supplicated pardon, and clemency was graciously extended. as the embassy entered the palace-court at the royal invitation, the traitors were perceived prostrate on their faces, heaping dust upon their heads in token of abject humiliation. the fear of the heavy fetters of góncho was before their eyes; and the half inebriated state gaoler scowled at them like a basilisk from the ladder of the balcony. but for once he was cheated of his prey. five hundred head of choice black cattle, which the caitiffs had treacherously swept from those whose cause they so lately espoused, were accepted as the price of pardon; and with an eloquent harangue from the throne, setting forth the duties of a liege subject, shambo and bótha were dismissed in peace.