menace of the dar muda?to. moolu zughír, and burdúdda.

boo bekr sumbhool and datah mohammad, co-chiefs of that section of the débeni styled sidi hábroo, shortly sneaked into the camp at the head of an appropriate retinue of ruffians, and having been duly propitiated with tobacco and blue calico, deputed a son of the latter to represent the tribe, as an earnest of the black mail having been levied. mohammad ali proposed under these circumstances to halt a day, both in order to profit by the first opportunity enjoyed of purifying raiment, and, which was of still higher importance, to refresh the way-worn beasts. but the ras was in such dire alarm of the bedouins and galla, that he had been with the utmost difficulty prevailed upon to encamp near the water, and no persuasion could now elicit his consent to tarry. columns of smoke which arose high and dense from the country in advance, did not tend to diminish his apprehensions. a shadowy human figure stealing along the summit of the gloomy cliffs which overhung the camp, redoubled his mental perturbation; and anathematising moolu as the most dangerous nest of thieves and cut-throats along the entire road, he would that minute have resumed the march in the dead of night, had not heavy rain compelled him to bite his nails until a late hour the following forenoon, by which time the camel furniture had become dry.

but the event proved that there were on this occasion some grounds for uneasiness. during the process of loading, three mounted muda?to scouts, wild-looking beings, rode into camp in a suspicious manner; and immediately after moving out of the bed of the hollow, whence the road led over an extensive plain covered with low shrubby undergrowth, the ras el káfilah, who momentarily waxed more fidgety and excited, called a general halt, and assumed his shield and brass-mounted spear.

“look well to your weapons,” he observed with a truly commander-in-chief-like delivery, “and let all the proprietors of fire-arms lead the van with myself. two thousand of the dar muda?to are out on a foray against the galla of the neighbouring hills, and i have received certain intelligence that they purpose this day to fall upon the caravan. may allah protect his servants in the coming strife!”

suitable defensive preparations were made without delay, and the camels formed ten deep to admit of the whole line being enfiladed by rifle balls; whilst the danákil and hy somauli escort, with loins girded for the fight, brought up the rear. scarcely had these arrangements been completed, when a band of fifty warriors were descried advancing in a compact body over the brow of an adjacent eminence. carrying their round bucklers on the left arm, and bristling their bright spears, they pressed rapidly towards the front of the line, “on hostile deeds intent.” out to meet them sprang the fiery little champion ibrahim shehém, who panted to flesh his creese in the body of another muda?to, and twenty stout warriors, casting off their upper garments to give freedom to their limbs, were not far behind him. the caravan remained motionless to watch the event, and the formidable line of rifles fronted the foe, who no sooner perceived the muzzles bearing directly on their phalanx, than they lowered their spears to demand a parley, and described themselves to be en route from jebel abida to join their clansmen, who were gathering at the waters of mároo, preparatory to a “goom” or onslaught, upon their hereditary enemies, the alla and ittoo galla.

the march was resumed immediately upon this banditti passing quietly to the rear, and ibrahim shehém abli relapsed into his wonted composure; but the foot-prints of several other parties being shortly afterwards discovered, the beaten track was abandoned altogether, in order, if possible, to avoid meeting the marauders in number, when the plunder of so rich a caravan would doubtless have been essayed. an advance guard reconnoitred the country round from the summits of trees and termite cones, which alone admitted of an uninterrupted view over the thick verdant bushes that clothed the entire face of the plain. these were interspersed with rich yellow grass, swarming with antelope, hares, bustard, and florikin; whilst fine cedar-like camel-thorns stretched their long arms over troops of pintadoes, coveys of partridges, and spur-fowl. not a trigger was suffered to be drawn, lest the report should attract to the spot the much-dreaded muda?to; but although hundreds of warriors might have been ambushed in the dense covert unperceived, it was safely traversed without further hostile demonstration; and the country becoming gradually more and more open, the view extended to the fine peaked range near afrubba, inhabited by the ittoo galla—war-hawks of the mountains, who are distinguished for their sanguinary ferocity.

a cloud of dust in the extreme distance being believed to prognosticate a rush of these wild horsemen, the caravan was again halted ere it had proceeded far over the open plain; but the magnifying powers of a pocket telescope converting the objects of alarm into a troop of scudding ostriches, izhák’s confidence once more returned. the residue of the march lay over cracked and blackened soil, from which the vegetation had been burnt the preceding day, the embers still smouldering in various directions, although the columns of smoke had ceased to ascend.

neither fuel nor water could be discovered at the ground selected for the bivouac, but a small supply of the latter requisite was obtained on the way, from a muddy brook trickling over the charred surface of the soil, and filling the gaping cracks and crevices on its progress towards the lower ground. this strange phenomenon arose from the wady at moolu zughír, near afrubba, some miles to the southward, having been filled to overflowing by the recent heavy rain. moolu táni, or “the other moolu,” afforded a most alluring spot of bright green vegetation just sprouting from the rich soil which here abounds, and among it the cattle luxuriated until dark. sundry invocations were now performed with horrid yells, to enable one of the savages to divine the coming of rain; but a night passed in vigilance by sentinels posted on ant-hills, which afforded an uninterrupted view over the surrounding plain, gave place to dawn without any molestation from thunder-storm, galla, or muda?to.

betimes in the morning the march was resumed across an alluvial plain, which a few days later in the season would probably have presented a swamp impassable to camels; but no difficulties were now experienced, and the caravan passed merrily on towards a conspicuous barn-shaped hill, which had been visible for many miles. at its base, among sundry other cairns, stood a mound of loose stones encircled by a thorn fence, and almost concealed under the forest of withered boughs that decked every part. beneath this grotto reposed the sainted bones of othmán, a celebrated tukha?el she?kh of days long gone. amidst prayers and ejaculations in honour of the departed, according to the custom still prevalent in the southern parts of continental europe, each warrior of the bedouin escort first in order, and then the drivers as they passed, having previously plucked from some adjacent tree a branch of verdant mistletoe, adorned the venerated pile; and long ere the arrival of the last camel, it had exchanged its sober autumnal garb for the bright green mantle of spring.

picturesque clumps of magnificent camel-thorns of ancient growth here studded the face of the landscape, and, covered with golden blossoms, perfumed the entire atmosphere. the myrrh tree flourished on the hill-side, and the “garsee” was first found under a load of fruit resembling the “leechee.” the bright crimson pulp possesses an agreeable acidity, and the kernel that it envelopes pleases the danákil in a mess of sheep’s-tail fat. no wood had hitherto been seen sufficiently dense to invite the elephant; but in this covert the giant evidently existed; and the oryx, appropriately styled “aboo el kuroon,” “the father of horns,” ranged in considerable numbers; the half-devoured carcase of one which had been slain the preceding night, attesting the presence also of the “king of beasts.”

the agility of the ada?el in reclaiming a refractory camel, although often witnessed with admiration, had never been more prominently exhibited than during this march. one of the most skittish and unmanageable animals of the whole hundred and seventy, had very judiciously been selected by izhák for a large chest containing medical stores, and the halter was usually held by a gentle slave girl, whom it was the delight of the sahib el bayzah to cuff and maltreat. taking a sudden whim into its head, the restive beast, after the performance of sundry preliminary plunges to ascertain if the load were firm, dashed off the road, galloped over the feeble maid, and, smashing her water-gourd into a thousand fragments, roaring and bellowing, pursued its headlong career across the stony plain. phials and bottles were undergoing a most destructive discipline, when a fleet-footed savage, who was in hot pursuit, and had already twice turned the fugitive, darting across its orbit, abruptly terminated these gratuitous and uncouth gambols by a sudden twitch of the nose-rope, which brought owner, dromedary, and medicine-chest simultaneously to the earth, with a crash that sounded ominously enough, although not the slightest injury was sustained by either.

meanwhile the caravan had reached burdúdda, where a large pool of dirty rain-water extended strong inducements to encamp, and again led to a violent altercation between the authorities. apprehensive of misunderstandings with the bedouin shepherds in the vicinity, izhák had sapiently resolved to proceed some miles further to a waterless station, whilst mohammad ali, insisting that the káfilah should halt, commenced the work of unloading. the camels of either party were for some time divided; but the ras, after trying the stratagem of advance without shaking his rival’s resolution, finally yielded up the point with a bad grace, and all set up their staff.

the outline of the highlands of abyssinia, which had been first indistinctly visible from sultélli, now stood out in bold relief; and to the southward the view was bounded by the lofty hills of the afrubba, farsa, and azbóti galla, where coffee grows wild in abundance. an intermediate extensive prospect is obtained over the thickly-wooded moolu plain, stretching some thirty miles in the direction of errur. this latter is the residence of the old sheikh hajji ali mohammad, and the head-quarters of the débeni, who take hereditary share in the waters of the valley with their brethren the wóema. it forms, moreover, a place of resort for every wandering vagabond in the surrounding country who possesses a sheep, a goat, or an ox, or has the ability and the inclination to assert his privilege of erecting a temporary cabin; and thus the recurrence of each season of drought, compelling the abandonment of less favoured pastures, pours in its migratory swarm to swell the more permanent muster upon the sultry plains of errur, and to create the strife inseparable from a gathering of these lawless hordes.