the word abbé, let it be remembered, signifies father. if you become one you render a service to the state; you doubtless perform the best work that a man can perform; you give birth to a thinking being: in this action there is something divine. but if you are only monsieur l’abbé because you have had your head shaved, wear a small collar, and a short cloak, and are waiting for a fat benefice, you do not deserve the name of abbé.

the ancient monks gave this name to the superior whom they elected; the abbé was their spiritual father. what different things do the same words signify at different times! the spiritual abbé was once a poor man at the head of others equally poor: but the poor spiritual fathers have since had incomes of two hundred or four hundred thousand livres, and there are poor spiritual fathers in germany who have regiments of guards.

a poor man, making a vow of poverty, and in consequence becoming a sovereign? truly, this is intolerable. the laws exclaim against such an abuse; religion is indignant at it, and the really poor, who want food and clothing, appeal to heaven against monsieur l’abbé.

but i hear the abbés of italy, germany, flanders, and burgundy ask: “why are not we to accumulate wealth and honors? why are we not to become princes? the bishops are, who were originally poor, like us; they have enriched and elevated themselves; one of them has become superior even to kings; let us imitate them as far as we are able.”

gentlemen, you are right. invade the land; it belongs to him whose strength or skill obtains possession of it. you have made ample use of the times of ignorance, superstition, and infatuation, to strip us of our inheritances, and trample us under your feet, that you might fatten on the substance of the unfortunate. tremble, for fear that the day of reason will arrive!