initial évariste gamelin, as he sat, one day that a long, tedious case was before the tribunal, on the jury-bench in the stifling court, closed his eyes and thought:

"evil-doers, by forcing marat to hide in holes and corners, had turned him into a bird of night, the bird of minerva, whose glance pierced the dark recesses where conspirators lurked. now it is a blue eye, cold and calm, that discovers the enemies of the state and denounces traitors with a subtlety unknown even to the friend of the people, now asleep for ever in the garden of the cordeliers. the new saviour of the country, as zealous and more keen-sighted than the first, sees what no man before had seen and with a lifted finger spreads terror broadcast. he discerns the fine, imperceptible shades of difference that divide evil from good, vice from virtue, which but for him would have been confounded, to the hurt of the fatherland and freedom, he marks out before him the thin, inflexible line outside which lies, to the right hand and to the left, only error, crime, and wickedness. the incorruptible teaches how men serve the foreigner equally by excess of zeal and by supineness, by persecuting the religious in the name of reason no less than by fighting in the name of religion against the laws of the republic. every whit as much as the villains who immolated le peltier and marat, do they serve the foreigner who decree them divine honours, to compromise their memory. agent of the foreigner whosoever repudiates the ideas of order, wisdom, opportunity; agent of the foreigner whosoever outrages morals, scandalizes virtue, and, in the foolishness of his heart, denies god. yes, fanatic priests deserve to die; but there is an anti-revolutionary way of combating fanaticism; abjurers, too, may be guilty of a crime. by moderation men destroy the republic; by violence they do the same.

"august and terrible the functions of a judge,—functions defined by the wisest of mankind! it is not aristocrats alone, federalists, scoundrels of the orleans faction, open enemies of the fatherland, that we must strike down. the conspirator, the agent of the foreigner is a proteus, he assumes all shapes, he puts on the guise of a patriot, a revolutionary, an enemy of kings; he affects the boldness of a heart that beats only for freedom; his voice swells, and the foes of the republic tremble. his name is danton; his violence is a poor cloak to his odious moderatism, and his base corruption is manifest at last. the conspirator, the agent of the foreigner is that fluent stammerer, the man who clapped the first cockade of revolution in his hat, that pamphleteer who, in his ironical and cruel patriotism, nicknamed himself, 'the procureur of the lantern.' his name is camille desmoulins. he threw off the mask by defending the generals, traitors to their country, and claiming measures of clemency criminal at such a time. there was philippeaux, there was hérault, there was the despicable lacroix. there was the père duchesne, he, too, a conspirator and agent of the foreigner, the vile demagogue who degraded liberty, and whose filthy calumnies stirred sympathy for antoinette herself. there was chaumette, who yet was a mild man, popular, moderate, well-intentioned, and virtuous in the administration of the commune; but he was an atheist! conspirators, agents of the foreigner,—such were all those sansculottes in red cap and carmagnole and sabots who recklessly outbid the jacobins in patriotism. conspirator and agent of the foreigner was anacharsis cloots, 'orator of the human race,' condemned to die by all the monarchies of the world; but everything was to be feared of him,—he was a prussian.

"now violent or moderate, all these evil-doers, all these traitors,—danton, desmoulins, hébert, chaumette,—have perished under the axe. the republic is saved; a chorus of praises rises from all the committees and the popular assemblies one and all to greet maximilien and the mountain. good citizens cry aloud: 'worthy representatives of a free people, in vain have the sons of the titans lifted their proud heads; oh! mountain of blessing, oh! protecting sinai, from thy tumultuous bosom has issued the saving lightning....'

"in this chorus the tribunal has its meed of praise. how sweet a thing it is to be virtuous, and how dear to public gratitude, to the heart of the upright judge!

"meanwhile, for a patriot heart, what food for amazement, what motives for anxiety! what! to betray the people's cause, it was not enough to have a mirabeau, a la fayette, a bailly, a pétion, a brissot? we must likewise have the men who denounced these traitors. can it be that all the patriots who made the revolution only wrought to ruin her? that these heroes of the great days were but contriving with pitt and coburg to give the kingdom to the orleans and set up a regency under louis xvii? what! danton was another monk. what! chaumette and the hébertists, falser than the federalists who sent them to the guillotine, had conspired to destroy the state! but among those who hurried to their death the traitor danton and the traitor chaumette, will not the blue eye of robespierre discover anon more perfidious traitors yet? what will be the end of this hideous concatenation of traitors betrayed and the revelations of the keen-sighted incorruptible?..."