initial employing a very old-fashioned locution, the citoyenne gamelin had declared: "that by dint of eating chestnuts they would be turning into chestnuts." as a matter of fact, on that day, the 13th july, she and her son had made their midday dinner on a basin of chestnut porridge. as they were finishing this austere repast, a lady pushed open the door and the room was flooded in an instant with the splendour of her presence and the fragrance of her perfumes. évariste recognised the citoyenne rochemaure. thinking she had mistaken the door and meant her visit for the citoyen brotteaux, her friend of other days, he was already preparing to point her out the ci-devant aristocrat's garret or perhaps summon brotteaux and so spare an elegant woman the task of scrambling up a mill-ladder; but she made it clear at once that the citoyen évariste gamelin and no other was the person she had come to see by announcing that she was happy to find him at home and was his servant to command.

they were not entirely strangers to each other, having met more than once in david's studio, in a box at the assembly hall, at the jacobins, at venua's restaurant. on these occasions she had been struck by his good looks and youth and interesting air.

wearing a hat beribboned like a fairing and plumed like the head-piece of a representative on mission, the citoyenne rochemaure was wigged, painted, patched and scented. but her complexion was young and fresh behind all these disguises; these extravagant artificialities of fashion only betokened a frantic haste to enjoy life and the feverishness of these dreadful days when the morrow was so uncertain. her corsage, with wide facings and enormous basques and all ablaze with huge steel buttons, was blood-red, and it was hard to tell, so aristocratic and so revolutionary at one and the same time was her array, whether it was the colours of the victims or of the headsman that she sported. a young officer, a dragoon, accompanied her.

dandling her long cane by its handle of mother-o'-pearl, a tall, fine woman, of generous proportions and ample bosom, she made the circuit of the studio, and putting up to her grey eyes her double quizzing-glasses of gold, examined the painter's canvases with many smiles and exclamations of delight, admiring the handsome artist and flattering him in hopes of a return in kind.

"what," asked the citoyenne, "is that picture—it is so nobly conceived, so touching—of a gentle, beautiful woman standing by a young man lying sick?"

gamelin told her it was meant to represent orestes tended by his sister electra, and that, had he been able to finish it, it might perhaps have been the least unsatisfactory of his works.

"the subject," he went on to say, "is taken from the orestes of euripides. i had read, in a translation of this tragedy made years ago, a scene that filled me with admiration,—the one where the young electra, raising her brother on his bed of pain, wipes away the froth that gathers on his lips, puts aside the locks that blind his eyes and beseeches the brother she loves to hearken to what she will tell him while the furies are at peace for the moment.... as i read and re-read this translation, i seemed to be aware of a kind of fog that shrouded the forms of greek perfection, a fog i could not drive away. i pictured the original text to myself as more nervous and pitched in a different accent. feeling a keen desire to get a precise idea of the thing, i went to monsieur gail, who was the professor of greek at the collège de france (this was in '91), and begged him to expound the scene to me word by word. he did what i asked, and i then saw that the ancients are much more simple and homely than people think. thus, for instance, electra says to orestes: 'dear brother, what joy it gave me to see thee sleep! shall i help thee to rise?' and orestes answers: 'yes, help me, take me in thy arms, and wipe away the spume that still clings about my mouth and eyes. put thy bosom against mine and part from my brow my tangled hair, for it blinds my eyes....' my mind still full of this poetry, so young and vivid, ringing with these simple, strong phrases, i sketched the picture you see there, citoyenne."

the painter, who, as a rule, spoke so sparingly of his works, waxed eloquent on the subject of this one. at an encouraging gesture from the citoyenne rochemaure, who lifted her quizzing-glasses in token of attention, he continued:

"hennequin has depicted the madness of orestes in masterly fashion. but orestes appeals to us still more poignantly in his sorrow than when he is distraught. what a fate was his! it was filial piety, obedience to a sacred obligation, drove him to commit his dreadful deed,—a sin the gods cannot but pardon, but which men will never condone. to avenge outraged justice, he has repudiated nature, has made himself a monster, has torn out his own heart. but his spirit remains unbroken under the weight of his horrible, yet innocent crime.... that is what i would fain have exhibited in my group of brother and sister." he stepped up to the canvas and looked at it not without satisfaction.

"parts of the picture," he said, "are pretty nearly finished; the head and arm of orestes, for instance."

"it is an admirable composition.... and orestes reminds me of you, citoyen gamelin."

"you think he is like me?" exclaimed the painter, with a grave smile.

she took the chair gamelin offered her. the young dragoon stood beside her, his hand on the back of the chair on which she sat. which showed plainly that the revolution was an accomplished fact, for under the ancien régime, no man would ever, in company, have touched so much as with the tip of a finger, the seat occupied by a lady. in those days a gentleman was trained and broken in to the laws of politeness, sometimes pretty hard laws, and taught to understand that a scrupulous self-restraint in public places gives a peculiar zest to the sweet familiarity of the boudoir, and that to lose your respectful awe of a woman, you must first have that feeling.

louise masché de rochemaure, daughter of a lieutenant of the king's hunt, widow of a procureur and, for twenty years, the faithful mistress of the financier brotteaux des ilettes, had fallen in with the new ideas. she was to be seen, in july, 1790, digging the soil of the champ de mars. her strong inclination to side with the powers that be had carried her readily enough along a political path that started with the feuillants and led by way of the girondins to end on the summit of the mountain, while at the same time a spirit of compromise, a passion for conversion and a certain aptitude for intrigue still attached her to the aristocratic and anti-revolutionary party. she was to be met everywhere,—at coffee houses and theatres, fashionable restaurants, gaming-saloons, drawing-rooms, newspaper offices and ante-chambers of committees. the revolution yielded her a hundred satisfactions,—novelty and amusement, smiles and pleasures, business ventures and profitable speculations. combining political with amorous intrigue, playing the harp, drawing landscapes, singing ballads, dancing greek dances, giving supper parties, entertaining pretty women, such as the comtesse de beaufort and the actress mademoiselle descoings, presiding all night long over a trente-et-un or biribi table and an adept at rouge et noir, she still found time to be charitable to her friends. inquisitive and interfering, giddy-pated and frivolous, she understood men but knew nothing of the masses; as indifferent to the creed she professed as to the opinions she felt bound to repudiate, understanding nothing whatever of all that was happening in the country, she was enterprising, intrepid, and full of audacity from sheer ignorance of danger and an unbounded confidence in the efficacy of her charms.

the soldier who escorted her was in the heyday of youth. a brazen helmet decorated with a panther skin and the crest set off with a crimson cock's-comb shaded his fresh young face and displayed a long and terrific mane that swept his back. his red jacket was cut short and square, barely reaching to the waist, the better to show off his elegant figure. in his girdle he carried an enormous sabre, the hilt of which was a glittering eagle's beak. a pair of flapped breeches of sky blue moulded the fine muscles of his legs and was braided in rich arabesques of a darker blue on the thighs. he might have been a dancer dressed for some warlike and dashing r?le, in achilles at scyros or alexander's wedding-feast, in a costume designed by a pupil of david with the one idea of accentuating every line of the shape.

gamelin had a vague recollection of having seen him before. he was, in fact, the same young soldier he had come upon a fortnight previously haranguing the people from the arcades of the théatre de la nation.

the citoyenne rochemaure introduced him by name:

"the citoyen henry, member of the revolutionary committee of the section of the rights of man."

she had him always at her heels,—a mirror of gallantry and a living and walking guarantee of patriotism.

the citoyenne complimented gamelin on his talents and asked him if he would be willing to design a card for a protégée of hers, a fashionable milliner. he would, of course, choose an appropriate motif,—a woman trying on a scarf before a cheval glass, for instance, or a young workwoman carrying a band-box on her arm.

she had heard several artists mentioned as competent to execute a little matter of the sort,—fragonard fils, young ducis, as well as a certain prudhomme; but she would rather apply to the citoyen évariste gamelin. however, she made no definite proposal on this head and it was evident she had mentioned the commission merely by way of starting the conversation. in truth she had come for something quite different. she wanted the citoyen gamelin to do her a favour; knowing he was a friend of the citoyen marat, she had come to ask him to introduce her to the friend of the people, with whom she desired an interview.

gamelin replied that he was too insignificant an individual to present her to marat, besides which, she had no need of anyone to be her sponsor; marat, albeit overwhelmed with business, was not the inaccessible person he was said to be,—and, added gamelin:

"he will receive you, citoyenne, if you are in distress; his great heart makes him compassionate to all who suffer. he will likewise receive you if you have any revelation to make concerning the public weal; he has vowed his days to the unmasking of traitors."

the citoyenne rochemaure answered that she would be happy to greet in marat an illustrious citizen, who had rendered great services to his country, who was capable of rendering greater still, and that she was anxious to bring the legislator in question into relation with friends of hers of good repute and good will, philanthropists favoured by fortune and competent to provide him with new means of satisfying his ardent affection for humanity.

"it is very desirable," she concluded, "to make the rich co-operate in securing public prosperity."

in actual fact, the citoyenne had promised the banker morhardt to arrange a dinner where he and marat should meet.

morhardt, a swiss like the friend of the people, had entered into a combination with several deputies of the convention, julien (of toulouse), delaunay (of angers) and the ex-capuchin chabot, to speculate in the shares of the compagnie des indes. the game was very simple,—to bring down the price of these shares to 650 livres by proposing motions pointing in the direction of confiscation, in order to buy up the greatest possible number at this figure and then push them up to 4,000 or 5,000 livres by dint of proposals of a reassuring nature. but for chabot, julien, delaunay, their little ways were too notorious, while suspicions were rife of lacroix, fabre d'églantine, and even danton. the arch-speculator, the baron de batz, was looking for new confederates in the convention and had advised morhardt to sound marat.

this idea of the anti-revolutionary speculators was not so extravagant as might have been supposed at the first blush. it was always the way of these gentry to form alliance with those in power at the moment, and by virtue of his popularity, his pen, his character, marat was a power to be reckoned with. the girondists were near shipwreck; the dantonists, battered by the hurricane, had lost their hold on the helm. robespierre, the idol of the people, was a man jealous of his scrupulous honesty, full of suspicion, impossible to approach. the great thing was to get round marat, to secure his good will against the day when he should be dictator—and everything pointed to this consummation,—his popularity, his ambition, his eagerness to recommend heroic measures. and it might be, after all, marat would re-establish order, the finances, the prosperity of the country. more than once he had risen in revolt against the zealots who were for outbidding him in fanaticism; for some time past he had been denouncing the demagogues as vehemently as the moderates. after inciting the people to sack the "cornerers'" shops and hang them over their own counters, he was now exhorting the citizens to be calm and prudent. he was growing into an administrator.

in spite of certain rumours disseminated against him as against all the other chiefs of the revolution, these pirates of the money-market did not believe he could be corrupted, but they did know him to be vain and credulous, and they hoped to win him over by flattery and still more by a condescending friendliness which they looked upon as the most seductive form of flattery from men like themselves. they counted, thanks to him, on blowing hot and cold on all the securities they might wish to buy and sell, and making him serve their interests while supposing himself to be acting solely for the public good.

great as a go-between, albeit she was still of an age for amours on her own account, the citoyenne rochemaure had made it her mission to bring together the legislator-journalist and the banker, and in her extravagant imagination she already saw the man of the underworld, the man whose hands were yet red with the blood of the september massacres, a partner in the game of the financiers whose agent she was; she pictured him drawn by his very warmth of feeling and unsophisticated candour into the whirlpool of speculation, a recruit to the c?terie she loved of "corner" makers, contractors, foreign emissaries, gamblers, and women of gallantry.

she insisted on the citoyen gamelin taking her to see the friend of the people, who lived quite near, in the rue des cordeliers, near the church. after some little show of reluctance, the painter acceded to the citoyenne's wishes.

the dragoon henry was invited to join them in the visit, but declined, declaring he meant to keep his liberty of action, even towards the citoyen marat, who, he felt no doubt, had rendered services to the republic, but was weakening nowadays; had he not, in his news sheet, counselled resignation as the proper thing for the people of paris?

and the young man, in a sweet voice, broken by long-drawn sighs, deplored the fate of the republic, betrayed by the men in whom she had put her trust,—danton rejecting the notion of a tax on the rich, robespierre opposing the permanence of the sections, marat, whose pusillanimous counsels were paralyzing the enthusiasm of the citizens.

"ah!" he cried, "how feeble such men appear beside leclerc and jacques roux!... roux! leclerc! ye are the true friends of the people!"

gamelin did not hear these remarks, which would have angered him; he had gone into the next room to don his blue coat.

"you may well be proud of your son," observed the citoyenne rochemaure, addressing the citoyenne gamelin. "he is a great man; talent and character both make him so."

in answer, the widow gamelin gave a good account of her son, yet without making much boast of him before a lady of high station, for she had been taught in her childhood that the first duty of the lowly is humility towards the great. she was of a complaining bent, having indeed only too good cause and finding in such jeremiads a salve for her griefs. she was garrulous in her revelations of all the hardships she had to bear to any whom she supposed in a position to relieve them, and madame de rochemaure seemed to belong to that class. she made the most, therefore, of this favourable opportunity and told a long and breathless story of their distresses,—how mother and son were both dying of slow starvation. pictures could not be sold any more; the revolution had killed business dead. victuals were scarce and too dear for words....

the good dame poured out her lamentations with all the loose-lipped volubility her halting tongue was capable of, so as to get them all finished by the time her son, whose pride would not brook such whining, should reappear. she was bent on attaining her object in the shortest possible time,—that of touching a lady whom she deemed rich and influential, and enlisting her sympathy in her boy's future. she felt sure that évariste's good looks were an asset on her side to move the heart of a well-born lady. and so they were; the citoyenne rochemaure proved tender-hearted and was melted to think of évariste's and his mother's sufferings. she made plans to alleviate them; she had rich men amongst her friends and would get them to buy the artist's pictures.

"the truth is," she added, with a smile, "there is still money in france, but it keeps in hiding."

better still, now art was ruined, she would obtain évariste a post in morhardt's bank or with the brothers perregaux, or a place as clerk in the office of an army contractor.

then she reflected that this was not what a man of his character needed; and, after a moment's thought, she nodded in sign that she had hit the nail on the head:

"there are still several jurymen left to be appointed on the revolutionary tribunal. juryman, magistrate, that is the thing to suit your son. i have friendly relations with the committee of public safety. i know robespierre the elder personally; his brother frequently sups at my house. i will speak to them. i will get a word said to montané, dumas, fouquier."

the citoyenne gamelin, bursting with excitement and gratitude, put a finger to her lip; évariste was coming back into the studio.

he escorted the citoyenne rochemaure down the gloomy staircase, the steps of which, whether of wood or tiled, were coated with an ancient layer of dirt.

on the pont-neuf, where the sun, now near its setting, threw a lengthened shadow from the pedestal that had borne the bronze horse and was now gay with the national colours, a crowd of men and women of the people gathered in little groups were listening to some tale that was being told them. consternation reigned and a heavy silence, broken at intervals by groans and fierce cries. many were making off at a rapid pace in the direction of the rue de thionville, erstwhile rue dauphine; gamelin joined one of these groups and heard the news—that marat had just been assassinated.

little by little the tidings were confirmed and particulars became known; he had been murdered in his bath by a woman who had come expressly from caen to commit the crime.

some thought she had escaped; but the majority declared she had been arrested.

there they stood like sheep without a shepherd, thinking sadly:

"marat, the tender-hearted, the humane, marat our benefactor, is no longer there to guide us, marat who was never deceived, who saw through every subterfuge and never feared to reveal the truth!... what can we do, what is to become of us? we have lost our adviser, our champion, our friend." they knew very well whence the blow had come, and who had directed the woman's arm. they groaned aloud:

"marat has been struck down by the same criminal hands that are bent on our extermination. his death is the signal for the slaughter of all good patriots."

different reports were current, as to the circumstances of the tragic event and the last words of the victim; endless questions were asked concerning the assassin, all that anyone knew was that it was a young woman sent by those traitors, the federalists. baring teeth and nails, the citoyennes devoted the culprit to condign punishment; deeming the guillotine too merciful a death, they demanded this monster of iniquity should be scourged, broken on the wheel, torn limb from limb, and racked their brains to invent new tortures.

an armed body of national guards was haling to the section headquarters a man of determined mien. his clothes were in tatters, and streams of blood trickled down his white face. he had been overheard saying that marat had earned his fate by his constant incitements to pillage and massacre, and it was only with great difficulty that the guards had saved him from the fury of the populace. a hundred fingers pointed him out as the accomplice of the assassin, and threats of death followed him as he was led away.

gamelin was stunned by the blow. a few hot tears blistered his burning eyes. with the grief he felt as a disciple mingled solicitude for the popular idol, and these combined feelings tore at his heart-strings. he thought to himself:

"after le peltier, after bourdon, marat!... i foresee the fate of the patriots; massacred on the champ de mars, at nancy, at paris, they will perish one and all." and he thought of wimpfen, the traitor, who only a while before was marching on paris, and who, had he not been stopped at vernon, by the gallant patriots, would have devoted the heroic city to fire and slaughter.

and how many perils still remained, how many criminal designs, how many treasonable plots, which only marat's perspicacity and vigilance could unravel and foil! now he was dead, who was there to denounce custine loitering in idleness in the camp of c?sar and refusing to relieve valenciennes, biron tarrying inactive in the lower vendée letting saumur be taken and nantes blockaded, dillon betraying the fatherland in the argonne?...

meantime, all about him, rose momentarily higher the sinister cry:

"marat is dead; the aristocrats have killed him!"

as he was on his way, his heart bursting with grief and hate and love, to pay a last mark of respect to the martyr of liberty, an old countrywoman, wearing the coif of the limousin peasantry, accosted him to ask if the monsieur marat who had been murdered was not monsieur le curé mara, of saint-pierre-de-queyroix.